{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1878-01-05:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1878-01-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1878-01-05","date_display":"January 5, 1878 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1878,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406989.770833,"kali_year":4979,"ahargana":1818524.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":262.5792,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.2928,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":18.7136,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7136},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.2928,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.2928},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":183.872},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1878,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406989.770833,"ahargana":1818524.2708,"kali_year":4979,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.1489,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":262.474548,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.908948,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.8674},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":353.958148,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":276.567848,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":264.460148,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":308.7018479999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":324.53954799999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":305.8328,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":125.8328,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1878,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2406989.770833,"kali_year":4979,"ahargana":1818524.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":262.5792,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.2928,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":18.7136,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7136},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.2928,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.2928},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":183.872},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.867,"elongation":18.714},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.867,"opposition_distance":161.286}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:03","sunsetLocal":"18:14","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":11.168031873048093,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 10 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 49 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:07","moonsetLocal":"19:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:51","end":"11:15","startHours":9.849318208807361,"endHours":11.24532219293837,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:02","end":"15:26","startHours":14.037330161200394,"endHours":15.433334145331408,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:27","startHours":7.057310240545337,"endHours":8.453314224676348,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:40","end":"10:02","startHours":9.663184344256559,"endHours":10.035452073358162,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:31","end":"07:49","startHours":7.522644901922341,"endHours":7.820459085203623,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:01","startHours":12.269058447967781,"endHours":13.013593906170987,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:34","end":"06:19","startHours":5.568239324138924,"endHours":6.312774782342131,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:03","startHours":6.126640917791329,"endHours":7.057310240545337,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:30","end":"15:15","startHours":14.502664822577398,"endHours":15.247200280780604,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:02","end":"18:26","startHours":18.02534211359343,"endHours":18.42534211359343,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:14","end":"18:41","startHours":18.22534211359343,"endHours":18.690676774970434,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:59","end":"19:44","startHours":17.97534211359343,"endHours":19.72534211359343,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:01","startHours":24.26905844796778,"endHours":25.01359390617099,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:27","startHours":7.057310240545337,"endHours":8.453314224676348,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:27","end":"09:51","startHours":8.453314224676348,"endHours":9.849318208807361,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:51","end":"11:15","startHours":9.849318208807361,"endHours":11.24532219293837,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:15","end":"12:38","startHours":11.24532219293837,"endHours":12.641326177069384,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:38","end":"14:02","startHours":12.641326177069384,"endHours":14.037330161200394,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:02","end":"15:26","startHours":14.037330161200394,"endHours":15.433334145331408,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:26","end":"16:50","startHours":15.433334145331408,"endHours":16.829338129462418,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:50","end":"18:14","startHours":16.829338129462418,"endHours":18.22534211359343,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:14","end":"19:50","startHours":18.22534211359343,"endHours":19.82933812946242,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:50","end":"21:26","startHours":19.82933812946242,"endHours":21.433334145331408,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:26","end":"23:02","startHours":21.433334145331408,"endHours":23.037330161200394,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:02","end":"00:38","startHours":23.037330161200394,"endHours":24.641326177069384,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:38","end":"02:15","startHours":24.641326177069384,"endHours":26.245322192938374,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:15","end":"03:51","startHours":26.245322192938374,"endHours":27.84931820880736,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:51","end":"05:27","startHours":27.84931820880736,"endHours":29.453314224676348,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:27","end":"07:03","startHours":29.453314224676348,"endHours":31.057310240545338,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.057310240545337,"endHours":8.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.057310240545338,"endHours":9.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.057310240545338,"endHours":10.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.057310240545338,"endHours":11.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.057310240545338,"endHours":12.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.057310240545338,"endHours":13.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.057310240545338,"endHours":14.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.057310240545338,"endHours":15.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.057310240545338,"endHours":16.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.057310240545338,"endHours":17.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.057310240545338,"endHours":18.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.057310240545338,"endHours":19.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.057310240545338,"endHours":20.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.057310240545338,"endHours":21.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.057310240545338,"endHours":22.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.057310240545338,"endHours":23.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.057310240545338,"endHours":24.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.057310240545338,"endHours":25.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.057310240545338,"endHours":26.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.057310240545338,"endHours":27.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.057310240545338,"endHours":28.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.057310240545338,"endHours":29.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.057310240545338,"endHours":30.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":30.057310240545338,"endHours":31.057310240545338,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.63432215345741,"eotMinutes":-5.452770624163118,"ayanamsa":22.1489}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1935,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1800,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1285,"malayalam_era":1054,"nanakshahi_year":409,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 1935 Khara · Śaka 1800 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 5, 1878 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 5, 1878 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:03, sūryāsta 18:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1878-01-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1878-01-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1878-01-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1878-01-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1878-01-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:12:04.398Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T20:12:04.398Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T20:12:04.398Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}