{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1874-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1874-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1874-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 1874 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1874,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2405885.770833,"kali_year":4976,"ahargana":1817420.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.1245,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.8515,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":240.727,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.727},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":134.8515,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5182},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.976},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1874,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2405885.770833,"ahargana":1817420.2708,"kali_year":4976,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.1067,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.084429,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":135.350029,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.4191},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":193.054029,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":245.18572900000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":187.32152900000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":228.93122900000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":291.13452899999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":4.328,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":184.328,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1874,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2405885.770833,"kali_year":4976,"ahargana":1817420.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.1245,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.8515,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":240.727,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.727},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":134.8515,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5182},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.976},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.419,"elongation":119.273},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.419,"opposition_distance":60.727}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:01","sunsetLocal":"18:09","solarNoonLocal":"12:35","dayLengthHours":11.137427390850805,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:27","moonsetLocal":"10:53","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"09:48","startHours":8.40536313616907,"endHours":9.79754156002542,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:11","end":"12:35","startHours":11.189719983881773,"endHours":12.581898407738123,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:58","end":"15:22","startHours":13.974076831594473,"endHours":15.366255255450824,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:37","end":"09:59","startHours":9.611917770177907,"endHours":9.983165349872934,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:29","end":"07:46","startHours":7.477244186931503,"endHours":7.774242250687524,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"12:57","startHours":12.210650828043097,"endHours":12.95314598743315,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:32","end":"06:16","startHours":5.528194393532613,"endHours":6.270689552922666,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:05","end":"07:01","startHours":6.085065763075153,"endHours":7.01318471231272,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:26","end":"15:11","startHours":14.438136306213256,"endHours":15.180631465603309,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:57","end":"18:21","startHours":17.950612103163525,"endHours":18.350612103163524,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:09","end":"18:37","startHours":18.150612103163525,"endHours":18.614671577782307,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:54","end":"19:39","startHours":17.900612103163525,"endHours":19.650612103163525,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"00:57","startHours":24.210650828043097,"endHours":24.95314598743315,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:01","end":"08:24","startHours":7.01318471231272,"endHours":8.40536313616907,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"09:48","startHours":8.40536313616907,"endHours":9.79754156002542,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:48","end":"11:11","startHours":9.79754156002542,"endHours":11.189719983881773,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:11","end":"12:35","startHours":11.189719983881773,"endHours":12.581898407738123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:35","end":"13:58","startHours":12.581898407738123,"endHours":13.974076831594473,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:58","end":"15:22","startHours":13.974076831594473,"endHours":15.366255255450824,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:22","end":"16:46","startHours":15.366255255450824,"endHours":16.758433679307174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:46","end":"18:09","startHours":16.758433679307174,"endHours":18.150612103163525,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:09","end":"19:46","startHours":18.150612103163525,"endHours":19.758433679307174,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:46","end":"21:22","startHours":19.758433679307174,"endHours":21.366255255450824,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:22","end":"22:58","startHours":21.366255255450824,"endHours":22.974076831594473,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:58","end":"00:35","startHours":22.974076831594473,"endHours":24.581898407738123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:35","end":"02:11","startHours":24.581898407738123,"endHours":26.189719983881773,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:11","end":"03:48","startHours":26.189719983881773,"endHours":27.797541560025422,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:48","end":"05:24","startHours":27.797541560025422,"endHours":29.405363136169072,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:24","end":"07:01","startHours":29.405363136169072,"endHours":31.01318471231272,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.01318471231272,"endHours":8.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.01318471231272,"endHours":9.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.01318471231272,"endHours":10.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.01318471231272,"endHours":11.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.01318471231272,"endHours":12.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.01318471231272,"endHours":13.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.01318471231272,"endHours":14.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.01318471231272,"endHours":15.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.01318471231272,"endHours":16.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.01318471231272,"endHours":17.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.01318471231272,"endHours":18.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.01318471231272,"endHours":19.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.01318471231272,"endHours":20.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.01318471231272,"endHours":21.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.01318471231272,"endHours":22.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.01318471231272,"endHours":23.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.01318471231272,"endHours":24.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.01318471231272,"endHours":25.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.01318471231272,"endHours":26.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.01318471231272,"endHours":27.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.01318471231272,"endHours":28.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.01318471231272,"endHours":29.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.01318471231272,"endHours":30.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":30.01318471231272,"endHours":31.01318471231272,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.291719051971885,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":22.1067}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1931,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sarvajit","saka_samvat":1796,"saka_samvatsara":"Bhāva","bengali_samvat":1281,"malayalam_era":1050,"nanakshahi_year":405,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 1931 Sarvajit · Śaka 1796 Bhāva"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 1874 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 1874 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 07:01, sūryāsta 18:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1874-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1874-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1874-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1874-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1874-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:45:04.321Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:45:04.321Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T03:45:04.321Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}