{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1860-10-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1860-10-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1860-10-31","date_display":"October 31, 1860 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1860,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2400714.770833,"kali_year":4962,"ahargana":1812249.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":195.6115,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":30.551,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.9395,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.9395},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":30.551,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8843},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":226.1625},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1860,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2400714.770833,"ahargana":1812249.2708,"kali_year":4962,"ayanamsa_lahiri":21.9089,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":195.954699,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":30.134398999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1647},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":296.73349899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":219.674399,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":123.48609900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":154.44369899999992,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":136.454999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":278.3125,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":98.3125,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1860,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2400714.770833,"kali_year":4962,"ahargana":1812249.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":195.6115,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":30.551,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.9395,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.9395},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":30.551,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8843},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":226.1625},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.165,"elongation":165.061},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.165,"opposition_distance":14.939}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:30","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.542148173752562,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:48","moonsetLocal":"07:39","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:17","end":"13:43","startHours":12.276233674157863,"endHours":13.719002195876934,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:57","end":"09:23","startHours":7.947928109000653,"endHours":9.390696630719724,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.833465152438793,"endHours":12.276233674157863,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:35","startHours":9.198327494490513,"endHours":9.583065766948932,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:59","end":"07:18","startHours":6.986082427854606,"endHours":7.293873045821341,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:40","startHours":11.891495401699444,"endHours":12.660971946616282,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:58","end":"05:44","startHours":4.966206497447907,"endHours":5.7356830423647445,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:33","end":"06:30","startHours":5.543313906135536,"endHours":6.505159587281582,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"14:58","startHours":14.199925036449958,"endHours":14.969401581366796,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.847307761034145,"endHours":18.247307761034143,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:32","startHours":18.047307761034144,"endHours":18.528230601607167,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.797307761034144,"endHours":19.547307761034144,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:40","startHours":23.891495401699448,"endHours":24.660971946616282,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:30","end":"07:57","startHours":6.505159587281582,"endHours":7.947928109000653,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:57","end":"09:23","startHours":7.947928109000653,"endHours":9.390696630719724,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:23","end":"10:50","startHours":9.390696630719724,"endHours":10.833465152438793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.833465152438793,"endHours":12.276233674157863,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:17","end":"13:43","startHours":12.276233674157863,"endHours":13.719002195876934,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:43","end":"15:10","startHours":13.719002195876934,"endHours":15.161770717596003,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:10","end":"16:36","startHours":15.161770717596003,"endHours":16.604539239315073,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:36","end":"18:03","startHours":16.604539239315073,"endHours":18.047307761034144,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:03","end":"19:36","startHours":18.047307761034144,"endHours":19.604539239315073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:36","end":"21:10","startHours":19.604539239315073,"endHours":21.161770717596003,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:10","end":"22:43","startHours":21.161770717596003,"endHours":22.719002195876932,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:43","end":"00:17","startHours":22.719002195876932,"endHours":24.276233674157865,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:17","end":"01:50","startHours":24.276233674157865,"endHours":25.83346515243879,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:50","end":"03:23","startHours":25.83346515243879,"endHours":27.390696630719724,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:23","end":"04:57","startHours":27.390696630719724,"endHours":28.947928109000653,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:57","end":"06:30","startHours":28.947928109000653,"endHours":30.505159587281582,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.505159587281582,"endHours":7.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.505159587281582,"endHours":8.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.505159587281582,"endHours":9.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.505159587281582,"endHours":10.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.505159587281582,"endHours":11.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.505159587281582,"endHours":12.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.505159587281582,"endHours":13.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.505159587281582,"endHours":14.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.505159587281582,"endHours":15.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.505159587281582,"endHours":16.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.505159587281582,"endHours":17.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.505159587281582,"endHours":18.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.505159587281582,"endHours":19.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.505159587281582,"endHours":20.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.505159587281582,"endHours":21.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.505159587281582,"endHours":22.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.505159587281582,"endHours":23.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.505159587281582,"endHours":24.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.505159587281582,"endHours":25.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.505159587281582,"endHours":26.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.505159587281582,"endHours":27.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.505159587281582,"endHours":28.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.505159587281582,"endHours":29.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.505159587281582,"endHours":30.505159587281582,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-14.129936324815244,"eotMinutes":16.45277955052819,"ayanamsa":21.9089}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1917,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śrīmukha","saka_samvat":1782,"saka_samvatsara":"Raudra","bengali_samvat":1267,"malayalam_era":1036,"nanakshahi_year":391,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 1917 Śrīmukha · Śaka 1782 Raudra"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 31, 1860 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 31, 1860 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:30, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1860-10-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1860-10-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1860-10-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1860-10-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1860-10-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T23:00:08.186Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T23:00:08.186Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T23:00:08.186Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}