{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2030-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2030-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2030-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 2030 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2030,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462619.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874154.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5446,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.7268,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":307.1822,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1822},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":320.7268,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.7268},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":334.2715},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2030,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462619.770833,"ahargana":1874154.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2766,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.537973000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.60407299999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4608},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":19.95597300000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":5.7603730000000155,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":210.47637299999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":330.481173,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":31.270973000000026,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":238.2877,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":58.2877,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2030,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462619.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874154.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.5446,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.7268,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":307.1822,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1822},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":320.7268,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.7268},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":334.2715},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.461,"elongation":52.818},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.461,"opposition_distance":127.182}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"19:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:47","dayLengthHours":12.920662836780766,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:30","moonsetLocal":"15:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:38","end":"19:15","startHours":17.633195727869122,"endHours":19.248278582466718,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:47","end":"14:24","startHours":12.787947164076336,"endHours":14.403030018673931,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"16:01","end":"17:38","startHours":16.018112873271527,"endHours":17.633195727869122,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:46","startHours":9.34243707426813,"endHours":9.773125835494156,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:13","startHours":6.865976697218484,"endHours":7.210527706199304,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:13","startHours":12.35725840285031,"endHours":13.218635925302362,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:36","end":"05:28","startHours":4.60486070078185,"endHours":5.466238223233901,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:15","end":"06:20","startHours":5.250893842620888,"endHours":6.327615745685952,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:56","end":"15:48","startHours":14.941390970206461,"endHours":15.802768492658512,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:03","end":"19:27","startHours":19.04827858246672,"endHours":19.448278582466717,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:15","end":"19:47","startHours":19.248278582466718,"endHours":19.78663953399925,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:45","startHours":18.998278582466718,"endHours":20.748278582466718,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:13","startHours":24.35725840285031,"endHours":25.21863592530236,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:20","end":"07:57","startHours":6.327615745685952,"endHours":7.942698600283547,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:57","end":"09:33","startHours":7.942698600283547,"endHours":9.557781454881143,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:33","end":"11:10","startHours":9.557781454881143,"endHours":11.17286430947874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:10","end":"12:47","startHours":11.17286430947874,"endHours":12.787947164076336,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:47","end":"14:24","startHours":12.787947164076336,"endHours":14.403030018673931,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:24","end":"16:01","startHours":14.403030018673931,"endHours":16.018112873271527,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:01","end":"17:38","startHours":16.018112873271527,"endHours":17.633195727869122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:38","end":"19:15","startHours":17.633195727869122,"endHours":19.248278582466718,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:15","end":"20:38","startHours":19.248278582466718,"endHours":20.633195727869122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:38","end":"22:01","startHours":20.633195727869122,"endHours":22.018112873271527,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:01","end":"23:24","startHours":22.018112873271527,"endHours":23.40303001867393,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:24","end":"00:47","startHours":23.40303001867393,"endHours":24.787947164076336,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:47","end":"02:10","startHours":24.787947164076336,"endHours":26.17286430947874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:10","end":"03:33","startHours":26.17286430947874,"endHours":27.557781454881145,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:33","end":"04:57","startHours":27.557781454881145,"endHours":28.94269860028355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:57","end":"06:20","startHours":28.94269860028355,"endHours":30.327615745685954,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.327615745685952,"endHours":7.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.327615745685952,"endHours":8.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.327615745685952,"endHours":9.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.327615745685952,"endHours":10.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.327615745685952,"endHours":11.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.327615745685952,"endHours":12.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.327615745685952,"endHours":13.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.327615745685952,"endHours":14.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.327615745685952,"endHours":15.327615745685952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.327615745685952,"endHours":16.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.327615745685954,"endHours":17.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.327615745685954,"endHours":18.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.327615745685954,"endHours":19.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.327615745685954,"endHours":20.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.327615745685954,"endHours":21.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.327615745685954,"endHours":22.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.327615745685954,"endHours":23.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.327615745685954,"endHours":24.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.327615745685954,"endHours":25.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.327615745685954,"endHours":26.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.327615745685954,"endHours":27.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.327615745685954,"endHours":28.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.327615745685954,"endHours":29.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.327615745685954,"endHours":30.327615745685954,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.114057172956327,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":24.2766}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2087,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rudhirodgāri","saka_samvat":1952,"saka_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1437,"malayalam_era":1206,"nanakshahi_year":561,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2087 Rudhirodgāri · Śaka 1952 Sādhāraṇa"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"varuthini-ekadashi","name":"Varūthinī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"वरूथिनी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Vāmana","significance":"Granted to King Mandhātā by Vāmana-deva; brings sound sleep + wealth.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 2030 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 2030 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 19:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2030-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2030-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2030-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2030-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2030-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:28:48.056Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:28:48.056Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:28:48.056Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}