{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2025-09-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2025-09-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-09-30","date_display":"September 30, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460948.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872483.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.121,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.8851,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":93.7641,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7641},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.8851,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5518},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":58.0061},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460948.770833,"ahargana":1872483.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2127,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.92911700000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":253.33341700000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2528},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":190.63871700000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":174.98121700000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":88.021817,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":138.35051699999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":333.68631700000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":326.8253,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":146.8253,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":9,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460948.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872483.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":162.121,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.8851,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":93.7641,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7641},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.8851,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5518},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":58.0061},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.253,"elongation":93.764},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.253,"opposition_distance":86.236}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:40","sunsetLocal":"18:38","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":11.96389764164553,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:19","moonsetLocal":"00:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:08","startHours":15.63971647182829,"endHours":17.13520367703398,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:39","end":"11:09","startHours":9.657767651005525,"endHours":11.153254856211216,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:39","end":"14:09","startHours":12.648742061416907,"endHours":14.144229266622599,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:28","end":"09:51","startHours":9.458369356978098,"endHours":9.85716594503295,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:10","end":"07:29","startHours":7.165288975662705,"endHours":7.484326246106585,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:15","end":"13:03","startHours":12.249945473362056,"endHours":13.04753864947176,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:04","end":"05:52","startHours":5.071606888374737,"endHours":5.869200064484439,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.669801770457013,"endHours":6.666793240594141,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:26","startHours":14.642725001691161,"endHours":15.440318177800863,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:26","end":"18:50","startHours":18.430690882239674,"endHours":18.830690882239672,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:38","end":"19:08","startHours":18.630690882239673,"endHours":19.129186617308235,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:23","end":"20:08","startHours":18.380690882239673,"endHours":20.130690882239673,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:15","end":"01:03","startHours":24.249945473362057,"endHours":25.047538649471758,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:40","end":"08:10","startHours":6.666793240594141,"endHours":8.162280445799833,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:10","end":"09:39","startHours":8.162280445799833,"endHours":9.657767651005525,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:39","end":"11:09","startHours":9.657767651005525,"endHours":11.153254856211216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:09","end":"12:39","startHours":11.153254856211216,"endHours":12.648742061416907,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:39","end":"14:09","startHours":12.648742061416907,"endHours":14.144229266622599,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:09","end":"15:38","startHours":14.144229266622599,"endHours":15.63971647182829,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:38","end":"17:08","startHours":15.63971647182829,"endHours":17.13520367703398,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:08","end":"18:38","startHours":17.13520367703398,"endHours":18.630690882239673,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:08","startHours":18.630690882239673,"endHours":20.13520367703398,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:08","end":"21:38","startHours":20.13520367703398,"endHours":21.63971647182829,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:38","end":"23:09","startHours":21.63971647182829,"endHours":23.1442292666226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:09","end":"00:39","startHours":23.1442292666226,"endHours":24.648742061416907,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:39","end":"02:09","startHours":24.648742061416907,"endHours":26.153254856211216,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:09","end":"03:39","startHours":26.153254856211216,"endHours":27.657767651005525,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:39","end":"05:10","startHours":27.657767651005525,"endHours":29.162280445799833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:10","end":"06:40","startHours":29.162280445799833,"endHours":30.666793240594142,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.666793240594141,"endHours":7.666793240594141,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.666793240594141,"endHours":8.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.666793240594142,"endHours":9.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.666793240594142,"endHours":10.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.666793240594142,"endHours":11.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.666793240594142,"endHours":12.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.666793240594142,"endHours":13.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.666793240594142,"endHours":14.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.666793240594142,"endHours":15.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.666793240594142,"endHours":16.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.666793240594142,"endHours":17.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.666793240594142,"endHours":18.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.666793240594142,"endHours":19.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.666793240594142,"endHours":20.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.666793240594142,"endHours":21.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.666793240594142,"endHours":22.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.666793240594142,"endHours":23.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.666793240594142,"endHours":24.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.666793240594142,"endHours":25.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.666793240594142,"endHours":26.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.666793240594142,"endHours":27.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.666793240594142,"endHours":28.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.666793240594142,"endHours":29.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":29.666793240594142,"endHours":30.666793240594142,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-2.834338381786267,"eotMinutes":10.844676314985584,"ayanamsa":24.2127}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"durga-ashtami","name":"Mahā-Aṣṭamī (Durgā-Aṣṭamī)","name_sanskrit":"महाष्टमी","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Durgā","significance":"8th day of Śāradīya Navrātri; Mahiṣāsura-mardinī kṣaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":8,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":1},{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 30, 2025 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 30, 2025 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:40, sūryāsta 18:38.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2025-09-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2025-09-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2025-09-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2025-09-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2025-09-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:26:42.748Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:26:42.748Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:26:42.748Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}