{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2024-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2024-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460400.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871935.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.7421,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":234.7828,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":248.0407,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0407},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":234.7828,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.1162},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":221.525},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460400.770833,"ahargana":1871935.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1917,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.629655,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":231.14455499999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.853},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":311.74615500000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":2.6473550000000046,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":22.981854999999996,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":329.1688549999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":319.39475500000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":355.861,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":175.861,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460400.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871935.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.7421,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":234.7828,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":248.0407,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0407},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":234.7828,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.1162},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":221.525},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.853,"elongation":111.959},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.853,"opposition_distance":68.041}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-6,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.356,"opposition_distance":2.193}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"19:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:54","dayLengthHours":12.357266539012729,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:49","moonsetLocal":"10:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:32","end":"19:05","startHours":17.541156642397883,"endHours":19.085814959774474,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:54","end":"14:27","startHours":12.90718169026811,"endHours":14.451840007644702,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"16:00","end":"17:32","startHours":15.996498325021292,"endHours":17.541156642397883,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:37","end":"10:01","startHours":9.611910613198049,"endHours":10.023819497831806,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:34","startHours":7.243434526553942,"endHours":7.572961634260949,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:30","end":"13:19","startHours":12.495272805634352,"endHours":13.319090574901866,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:05","end":"05:54","startHours":5.0809128822267144,"endHours":5.90473065149423,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:42","end":"06:44","startHours":5.6987762091773515,"endHours":6.728548420761745,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:58","end":"15:47","startHours":14.966726113436899,"endHours":15.790543882704414,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:53","end":"19:17","startHours":18.885814959774475,"endHours":19.285814959774473,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:05","end":"19:36","startHours":19.085814959774474,"endHours":19.60070106556667,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:50","end":"20:35","startHours":18.835814959774474,"endHours":20.585814959774474,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:30","end":"01:19","startHours":24.495272805634354,"endHours":25.319090574901868,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:44","end":"08:16","startHours":6.728548420761745,"endHours":8.273206738138336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:16","end":"09:49","startHours":8.273206738138336,"endHours":9.817865055514927,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:49","end":"11:22","startHours":9.817865055514927,"endHours":11.36252337289152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:22","end":"12:54","startHours":11.36252337289152,"endHours":12.90718169026811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:54","end":"14:27","startHours":12.90718169026811,"endHours":14.451840007644702,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:27","end":"16:00","startHours":14.451840007644702,"endHours":15.996498325021292,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:00","end":"17:32","startHours":15.996498325021292,"endHours":17.541156642397883,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:32","end":"19:05","startHours":17.541156642397883,"endHours":19.085814959774474,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:05","end":"20:32","startHours":19.085814959774474,"endHours":20.541156642397883,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:32","end":"22:00","startHours":20.541156642397883,"endHours":21.996498325021292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:00","end":"23:27","startHours":21.996498325021292,"endHours":23.4518400076447,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:27","end":"00:54","startHours":23.4518400076447,"endHours":24.90718169026811,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:54","end":"02:22","startHours":24.90718169026811,"endHours":26.36252337289152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:22","end":"03:49","startHours":26.36252337289152,"endHours":27.81786505551493,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:49","end":"05:16","startHours":27.81786505551493,"endHours":29.273206738138335,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:16","end":"06:44","startHours":29.273206738138335,"endHours":30.728548420761747,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.728548420761745,"endHours":7.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.728548420761745,"endHours":8.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.728548420761745,"endHours":9.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.728548420761745,"endHours":10.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.728548420761745,"endHours":11.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.728548420761745,"endHours":12.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.728548420761745,"endHours":13.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.728548420761745,"endHours":14.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.728548420761745,"endHours":15.728548420761745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.728548420761745,"endHours":16.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.728548420761747,"endHours":17.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.728548420761747,"endHours":18.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.728548420761747,"endHours":19.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.728548420761747,"endHours":20.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.728548420761747,"endHours":21.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.728548420761747,"endHours":22.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.728548420761747,"endHours":23.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.728548420761747,"endHours":24.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.728548420761747,"endHours":25.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.728548420761747,"endHours":26.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.728548420761747,"endHours":27.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.728548420761747,"endHours":28.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.728548420761747,"endHours":29.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.728548420761747,"endHours":30.728548420761747,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.282447766890417,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":24.1917}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 2024 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 2024 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 19:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2024-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2024-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2024-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2024-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2024-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:33:38.051Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:33:38.051Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:33:38.051Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}