{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2022-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2022-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2022-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2022 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459610.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871145.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.9285,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.2757,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":345.3472,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3472},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":272.2757,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.609},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":199.2042},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2022,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459610.770833,"ahargana":1871145.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1615,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.97093900000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":270.436739,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6648},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":250.28663899999992,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":270.99493899999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":312.821639,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":256.520839,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":291.25753899999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":37.719,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":217.719,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459610.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871145.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.9285,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.2757,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":345.3472,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3472},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":272.2757,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.609},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":199.2042},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.665,"elongation":14.653},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.665,"opposition_distance":165.347}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:29","sunsetLocal":"18:37","solarNoonLocal":"13:03","dayLengthHours":11.131971284106136,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:31","moonsetLocal":"17:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:53","end":"10:16","startHours":8.8804905774909,"endHours":10.271986988004167,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:40","end":"13:03","startHours":11.663483398517435,"endHours":13.054979809030701,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:27","end":"15:50","startHours":14.446476219543968,"endHours":15.837972630057235,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:05","end":"10:27","startHours":10.086454133269065,"endHours":10.45751984273927,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:57","end":"08:15","startHours":7.952826303815389,"endHours":8.249678871391552,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:41","end":"13:26","startHours":12.683914099560496,"endHours":13.426045518500906,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:00","end":"06:45","startHours":6.004731329096815,"endHours":6.746862748037224,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:34","end":"07:29","startHours":6.561329893302122,"endHours":7.488994166977633,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:39","startHours":14.910308356381723,"endHours":15.652439775322131,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:25","end":"18:49","startHours":18.42096545108377,"endHours":18.82096545108377,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:37","end":"19:05","startHours":18.62096545108377,"endHours":19.084797587921525,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:22","end":"20:07","startHours":18.37096545108377,"endHours":20.12096545108377,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:41","end":"01:26","startHours":24.683914099560496,"endHours":25.426045518500906,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:29","end":"08:53","startHours":7.488994166977633,"endHours":8.8804905774909,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:53","end":"10:16","startHours":8.8804905774909,"endHours":10.271986988004167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:16","end":"11:40","startHours":10.271986988004167,"endHours":11.663483398517435,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:40","end":"13:03","startHours":11.663483398517435,"endHours":13.054979809030701,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:03","end":"14:27","startHours":13.054979809030701,"endHours":14.446476219543968,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:27","end":"15:50","startHours":14.446476219543968,"endHours":15.837972630057235,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:50","end":"17:14","startHours":15.837972630057235,"endHours":17.229469040570503,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:14","end":"18:37","startHours":17.229469040570503,"endHours":18.62096545108377,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:37","end":"20:14","startHours":18.62096545108377,"endHours":20.229469040570503,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:14","end":"21:50","startHours":20.229469040570503,"endHours":21.837972630057237,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:50","end":"23:27","startHours":21.837972630057237,"endHours":23.446476219543968,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:27","end":"01:03","startHours":23.446476219543968,"endHours":25.0549798090307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:03","end":"02:40","startHours":25.0549798090307,"endHours":26.663483398517435,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:40","end":"04:16","startHours":26.663483398517435,"endHours":28.271986988004166,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:16","end":"05:53","startHours":28.271986988004166,"endHours":29.8804905774909,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:53","end":"07:29","startHours":29.8804905774909,"endHours":31.488994166977633,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.488994166977633,"endHours":8.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.488994166977633,"endHours":9.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.488994166977633,"endHours":10.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.488994166977633,"endHours":11.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.488994166977633,"endHours":12.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.488994166977633,"endHours":13.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.488994166977633,"endHours":14.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.488994166977633,"endHours":15.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.488994166977633,"endHours":16.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.488994166977633,"endHours":17.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.488994166977633,"endHours":18.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.488994166977633,"endHours":19.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.488994166977633,"endHours":20.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.488994166977633,"endHours":21.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.488994166977633,"endHours":22.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.488994166977633,"endHours":23.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.488994166977633,"endHours":24.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.488994166977633,"endHours":25.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.488994166977633,"endHours":26.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.488994166977633,"endHours":27.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.488994166977633,"endHours":28.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.488994166977633,"endHours":29.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":29.488994166977633,"endHours":30.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":30.488994166977633,"endHours":31.488994166977633,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.43169077629988,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":24.1615}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2079,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1944,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1429,"malayalam_era":1198,"nanakshahi_year":553,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2079 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1944 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2022 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2022 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 07:29, sūryāsta 18:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2022-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2022-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2022-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2022-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2022-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:39:28.134Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:39:28.134Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T02:39:28.134Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}