{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2016-09-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-09-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-09-13","date_display":"September 13, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457644.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869179.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":145.841,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.1197,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.2787,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2787},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.1197,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.4531},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":63.9608},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457644.770833,"ahargana":1869179.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0863,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":146.60445400000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.790754,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1111},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":236.73525400000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":146.422954,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":156.09925399999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":172.77045399999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":226.24885399999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":141.8871,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":321.8871,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457644.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869179.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":145.841,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":278.1197,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.2787,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2787},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":278.1197,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.4531},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":63.9608},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.111,"elongation":132.279},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.111,"opposition_distance":47.721}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371},{"offset_days":4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.783,"opposition_distance":1.976}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:35","sunsetLocal":"18:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:45","dayLengthHours":12.324252401476981,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 19 Mins 27 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 40 Mins 33 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:01","moonsetLocal":"02:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:50","end":"17:22","startHours":15.831318584871479,"endHours":17.3718501350561,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:40","end":"11:13","startHours":9.66919238413299,"endHours":11.209723934317612,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:45","end":"14:17","startHours":12.750255484502233,"endHours":14.290787034686858,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:28","end":"09:52","startHours":9.463788177441707,"endHours":9.874596590824272,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:26","startHours":7.1016398004919505,"endHours":7.4302865311980035,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:10","startHours":12.339447071119666,"endHours":13.1610638978848,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:57","end":"05:46","startHours":4.9448956302334794,"endHours":5.766512456998612,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:34","end":"06:35","startHours":5.561108250307329,"endHours":6.5881292837637435,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:38","startHours":14.804297551415063,"endHours":15.625914378180195,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:43","end":"19:07","startHours":18.712381685240725,"endHours":19.112381685240724,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:55","end":"19:26","startHours":18.912381685240724,"endHours":19.42589220196893,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:40","end":"20:25","startHours":18.662381685240724,"endHours":20.412381685240724,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:10","startHours":24.339447071119668,"endHours":25.161063897884798,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:35","end":"08:08","startHours":6.5881292837637435,"endHours":8.128660833948366,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:08","end":"09:40","startHours":8.128660833948366,"endHours":9.66919238413299,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:40","end":"11:13","startHours":9.66919238413299,"endHours":11.209723934317612,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:13","end":"12:45","startHours":11.209723934317612,"endHours":12.750255484502233,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:45","end":"14:17","startHours":12.750255484502233,"endHours":14.290787034686858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:17","end":"15:50","startHours":14.290787034686858,"endHours":15.831318584871479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:50","end":"17:22","startHours":15.831318584871479,"endHours":17.3718501350561,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:22","end":"18:55","startHours":17.3718501350561,"endHours":18.912381685240724,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:55","end":"20:22","startHours":18.912381685240724,"endHours":20.371850135056103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:22","end":"21:50","startHours":20.371850135056103,"endHours":21.83131858487148,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:50","end":"23:17","startHours":21.83131858487148,"endHours":23.290787034686858,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:17","end":"00:45","startHours":23.290787034686858,"endHours":24.750255484502233,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:45","end":"02:13","startHours":24.750255484502233,"endHours":26.209723934317612,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:13","end":"03:40","startHours":26.209723934317612,"endHours":27.66919238413299,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:40","end":"05:08","startHours":27.66919238413299,"endHours":29.128660833948366,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:08","end":"06:35","startHours":29.128660833948366,"endHours":30.58812928376374,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:35","end":"07:35","startHours":6.5881292837637435,"endHours":7.5881292837637435,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:35","end":"08:35","startHours":7.5881292837637435,"endHours":8.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:35","end":"09:35","startHours":8.588129283763744,"endHours":9.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:35","end":"10:35","startHours":9.588129283763744,"endHours":10.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:35","end":"11:35","startHours":10.588129283763744,"endHours":11.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:35","end":"12:35","startHours":11.588129283763744,"endHours":12.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:35","end":"13:35","startHours":12.588129283763744,"endHours":13.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:35","end":"14:35","startHours":13.588129283763744,"endHours":14.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:35","end":"15:35","startHours":14.588129283763744,"endHours":15.588129283763744,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:35","end":"16:35","startHours":15.588129283763744,"endHours":16.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:35","end":"17:35","startHours":16.58812928376374,"endHours":17.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:35","end":"18:35","startHours":17.58812928376374,"endHours":18.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:35","end":"19:35","startHours":18.58812928376374,"endHours":19.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:35","end":"20:35","startHours":19.58812928376374,"endHours":20.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:35","end":"21:35","startHours":20.58812928376374,"endHours":21.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:35","end":"22:35","startHours":21.58812928376374,"endHours":22.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:35","end":"23:35","startHours":22.58812928376374,"endHours":23.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:35","end":"00:35","startHours":23.58812928376374,"endHours":24.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:35","end":"01:35","startHours":24.58812928376374,"endHours":25.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:35","end":"02:35","startHours":25.58812928376374,"endHours":26.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:35","end":"03:35","startHours":26.58812928376374,"endHours":27.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:35","end":"04:35","startHours":27.58812928376374,"endHours":28.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:35","end":"05:35","startHours":28.58812928376374,"endHours":29.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:35","end":"06:35","startHours":29.58812928376374,"endHours":30.58812928376374,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":3.6888681377329484,"eotMinutes":4.753870929866006,"ayanamsa":24.0863}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"vamana-jayanti","name":"Vāmana Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"वामन जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Vāmana (5th daśāvatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":15,"significance":"Vāmana's three-step measure of all worlds; Bali's surrender. (= Onam in Kerala.)","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":12,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.18-22"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 13, 2016 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 13, 2016 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:35, sūryāsta 18:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-09-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-09-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-09-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-09-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-09-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:26:26.205Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:26:26.205Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:26:26.205Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}