{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2016-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457508.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869043.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.0805,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":288.359,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":272.2784,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2784},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":288.359,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.359},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":304.4395},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457508.770833,"ahargana":1869043.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0811,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.05385000000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.81615,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.9347},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":223.62394999999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":29.443750000000023,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":138.63765,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":5.744649999999979,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":231.12685,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":149.093,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":329.093,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457508.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869043.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.0805,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":288.359,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":272.2784,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.2784},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":288.359,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.359},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":304.4395},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":45,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.935,"elongation":87.722},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.935,"opposition_distance":92.278}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:18","sunsetLocal":"19:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:47","dayLengthHours":12.965006900816768,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 57 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 02 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:10","moonsetLocal":"12:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:33","end":"11:10","startHours":9.541810588309106,"endHours":11.162436450911201,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:24","end":"16:01","startHours":14.403688176115395,"endHours":16.024314038717492,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:18","end":"07:55","startHours":6.300558863104914,"endHours":7.92118472570701,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:20","end":"09:45","startHours":9.32572713996216,"endHours":9.757894036656053,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:11","startHours":6.84076748397228,"endHours":7.186501001327393,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:13","startHours":12.350895416819405,"endHours":13.215229210207191,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:34","end":"05:26","startHours":4.571891276329345,"endHours":5.43622506971713,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:13","end":"06:18","startHours":5.220141621370184,"endHours":6.300558863104914,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:57","end":"15:48","startHours":14.94389679698276,"endHours":15.808230590370544,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:04","end":"19:28","startHours":19.065565763921683,"endHours":19.46556576392168,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:16","end":"19:48","startHours":19.265565763921682,"endHours":19.805774384789046,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:01","end":"20:46","startHours":19.015565763921682,"endHours":20.765565763921682,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:13","startHours":24.350895416819405,"endHours":25.21522921020719,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:18","end":"07:55","startHours":6.300558863104914,"endHours":7.92118472570701,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:55","end":"09:33","startHours":7.92118472570701,"endHours":9.541810588309106,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:33","end":"11:10","startHours":9.541810588309106,"endHours":11.162436450911201,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:10","end":"12:47","startHours":11.162436450911201,"endHours":12.783062313513298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:47","end":"14:24","startHours":12.783062313513298,"endHours":14.403688176115395,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:24","end":"16:01","startHours":14.403688176115395,"endHours":16.024314038717492,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:01","end":"17:39","startHours":16.024314038717492,"endHours":17.644939901319585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:39","end":"19:16","startHours":17.644939901319585,"endHours":19.265565763921682,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:16","end":"20:39","startHours":19.265565763921682,"endHours":20.644939901319585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:39","end":"22:01","startHours":20.644939901319585,"endHours":22.024314038717492,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:01","end":"23:24","startHours":22.024314038717492,"endHours":23.403688176115395,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:24","end":"00:47","startHours":23.403688176115395,"endHours":24.783062313513298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:47","end":"02:10","startHours":24.783062313513298,"endHours":26.1624364509112,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:10","end":"03:33","startHours":26.1624364509112,"endHours":27.541810588309104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:33","end":"04:55","startHours":27.541810588309104,"endHours":28.92118472570701,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:55","end":"06:18","startHours":28.92118472570701,"endHours":30.300558863104914,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.300558863104914,"endHours":7.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.300558863104914,"endHours":8.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.300558863104914,"endHours":9.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.300558863104914,"endHours":10.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.300558863104914,"endHours":11.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.300558863104914,"endHours":12.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.300558863104914,"endHours":13.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.300558863104914,"endHours":14.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.300558863104914,"endHours":15.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.300558863104914,"endHours":16.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.300558863104914,"endHours":17.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.300558863104914,"endHours":18.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.300558863104914,"endHours":19.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.300558863104914,"endHours":20.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.300558863104914,"endHours":21.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.300558863104914,"endHours":22.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.300558863104914,"endHours":23.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.300558863104914,"endHours":24.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.300558863104914,"endHours":25.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.300558863104914,"endHours":26.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.300558863104914,"endHours":27.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.300558863104914,"endHours":28.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.300558863104914,"endHours":29.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":29.300558863104914,"endHours":30.300558863104914,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.855040633272845,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":24.0811}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 2016 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 2016 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:18, sūryāsta 19:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2016-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:56:02.568Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:56:02.568Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T04:56:02.568Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}