{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2015-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2015-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457234.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868769.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.9183,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.2282,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":173.31,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.31},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":276.2282,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5616},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":19.1465},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457234.770833,"ahargana":1868769.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0706,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.48271899999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.859519,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1533},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":89.92741899999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":111.20381900000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":122.738519,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":125.82921900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":213.99731899999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":163.6109,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":343.6109,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457234.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868769.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.9183,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.2282,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":173.31,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.31},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":276.2282,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5616},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":19.1465},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.153,"elongation":173.31},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.153,"opposition_distance":6.69}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"19:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:56","dayLengthHours":13.18124181034316,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:05","moonsetLocal":"06:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.283021015579621,"endHours":12.930676241872515,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"16:14","end":"17:52","startHours":16.225986694458307,"endHours":17.8736419207512,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:59","end":"09:38","startHours":7.98771056299383,"endHours":9.635365789286725,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:51","startHours":9.415678425781007,"endHours":9.855053152792443,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:14","startHours":6.889273745465234,"endHours":7.240773527074385,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:22","startHours":12.491301514861076,"endHours":13.370050968883954,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:28","startHours":4.582556428655181,"endHours":5.461305882678058,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:14","end":"06:20","startHours":5.241618519172339,"endHours":6.340055336700935,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:08","end":"16:00","startHours":15.127549876929708,"endHours":16.006299330952587,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:19","end":"19:43","startHours":19.321297147044096,"endHours":19.721297147044094,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:31","end":"20:04","startHours":19.521297147044095,"endHours":20.07051555580839,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:16","end":"21:01","startHours":19.271297147044095,"endHours":21.021297147044095,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:22","startHours":24.491301514861075,"endHours":25.370050968883955,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:20","end":"07:59","startHours":6.340055336700935,"endHours":7.98771056299383,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:59","end":"09:38","startHours":7.98771056299383,"endHours":9.635365789286725,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:38","end":"11:17","startHours":9.635365789286725,"endHours":11.283021015579621,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.283021015579621,"endHours":12.930676241872515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:56","end":"14:35","startHours":12.930676241872515,"endHours":14.578331468165409,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:35","end":"16:14","startHours":14.578331468165409,"endHours":16.225986694458307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:14","end":"17:52","startHours":16.225986694458307,"endHours":17.8736419207512,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:52","end":"19:31","startHours":17.8736419207512,"endHours":19.521297147044095,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:31","end":"20:52","startHours":19.521297147044095,"endHours":20.8736419207512,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:52","end":"22:14","startHours":20.8736419207512,"endHours":22.225986694458307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:14","end":"23:35","startHours":22.225986694458307,"endHours":23.57833146816541,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:35","end":"00:56","startHours":23.57833146816541,"endHours":24.930676241872515,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:56","end":"02:17","startHours":24.930676241872515,"endHours":26.28302101557962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:17","end":"03:38","startHours":26.28302101557962,"endHours":27.635365789286723,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:38","end":"04:59","startHours":27.635365789286723,"endHours":28.98771056299383,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:59","end":"06:20","startHours":28.98771056299383,"endHours":30.340055336700935,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.340055336700935,"endHours":7.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.340055336700935,"endHours":8.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.340055336700935,"endHours":9.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.340055336700935,"endHours":10.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.340055336700935,"endHours":11.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.340055336700935,"endHours":12.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.340055336700935,"endHours":13.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.340055336700935,"endHours":14.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.340055336700935,"endHours":15.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.340055336700935,"endHours":16.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.340055336700935,"endHours":17.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.340055336700935,"endHours":18.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.340055336700935,"endHours":19.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.340055336700935,"endHours":20.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.340055336700935,"endHours":21.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.340055336700935,"endHours":22.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.340055336700935,"endHours":23.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.340055336700935,"endHours":24.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.340055336700935,"endHours":25.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.340055336700935,"endHours":26.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.340055336700935,"endHours":27.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.340055336700935,"endHours":28.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.340055336700935,"endHours":29.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.340055336700935,"endHours":30.340055336700935,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.37994708959213,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.0706}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"raksha-bandhana","name":"Rakṣā Bandhana / Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"रक्षा बन्धन","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sister-brother bond; Brāhmaṇa Upākarma.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jhulan-purnima","name":"Jhūlan Pūrṇimā (Rādhā-Krishna swing)","name_sanskrit":"झूलन पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rādhā-Krishna","significance":"Rādhā-Krishna swing-līlā festival; Jhūlan-yātrā culmination.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-rigveda","name":"Ṛg-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"ऋग्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","associated_deity":"Ṛṣi-paramparā","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Ṛg-Vedīs. Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-yajurveda","name":"Yajur-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"यजुर्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Yajur-Vedīs.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"hayagriva-jayanti","name":"Hayagrīva Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"हयग्रीव जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Hayagrīva (Knowledge-form of Bhagavān)","significance":"Bhagavān as Hayagrīva restored the Vedas to Brahmā. Vidyā-pradāyaka.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Devī-Bhāgavata, Hayagrīva-stotra"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2015 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2015 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 19:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2015-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2015-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2015-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2015-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2015-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T10:14:36.174Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T10:14:36.174Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T10:14:36.174Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}