{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2013-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456412.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867947.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.8643,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.9716,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.1073,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1073},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.9716,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9716},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":266.836},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456412.770833,"ahargana":1867947.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0392,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.829226000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":253.67342600000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1134},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":12.91062599999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":2.5052259999999933,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":52.79472599999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":24.00512600000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":193.804126,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":207.1644,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":27.1644,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456412.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867947.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.8643,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.9716,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.1073,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1073},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.9716,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9716},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":266.836},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.113,"elongation":124.893},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.113,"opposition_distance":55.107}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.09,"opposition_distance":1.352},{"offset_days":10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.055,"elongation":1.837}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:18","sunsetLocal":"19:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:47","dayLengthHours":12.959962601705094,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 57 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 02 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:16","moonsetLocal":"10:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:01","end":"17:39","startHours":16.02305296393957,"endHours":17.64304828915271,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:33","end":"11:10","startHours":9.543071663087025,"endHours":11.163066988300162,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:47","end":"14:24","startHours":12.783062313513298,"endHours":14.403057638726434,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:20","end":"09:46","startHours":9.327072286391939,"endHours":9.75907103978211,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.843079454398463,"endHours":7.1886784571105995,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:13","startHours":12.351063560123128,"endHours":13.215061066903468,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:26","startHours":4.575085999100072,"endHours":5.4390835058804115,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:13","end":"06:18","startHours":5.2230841291853265,"endHours":6.303081012660751,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:57","end":"15:48","startHours":14.943056080464148,"endHours":15.807053587244488,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:04","end":"19:28","startHours":19.063043614365846,"endHours":19.463043614365844,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:16","end":"19:48","startHours":19.263043614365845,"endHours":19.803042056103557,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:01","end":"20:46","startHours":19.013043614365845,"endHours":20.763043614365845,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:13","startHours":24.35106356012313,"endHours":25.215061066903466,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:18","end":"07:55","startHours":6.303081012660751,"endHours":7.923076337873888,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:55","end":"09:33","startHours":7.923076337873888,"endHours":9.543071663087025,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:33","end":"11:10","startHours":9.543071663087025,"endHours":11.163066988300162,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:10","end":"12:47","startHours":11.163066988300162,"endHours":12.783062313513298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:47","end":"14:24","startHours":12.783062313513298,"endHours":14.403057638726434,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:24","end":"16:01","startHours":14.403057638726434,"endHours":16.02305296393957,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:01","end":"17:39","startHours":16.02305296393957,"endHours":17.64304828915271,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:39","end":"19:16","startHours":17.64304828915271,"endHours":19.263043614365845,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:16","end":"20:39","startHours":19.263043614365845,"endHours":20.64304828915271,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:39","end":"22:01","startHours":20.64304828915271,"endHours":22.02305296393957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:01","end":"23:24","startHours":22.02305296393957,"endHours":23.403057638726434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:24","end":"00:47","startHours":23.403057638726434,"endHours":24.783062313513298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:47","end":"02:10","startHours":24.783062313513298,"endHours":26.163066988300162,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:10","end":"03:33","startHours":26.163066988300162,"endHours":27.543071663087026,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:33","end":"04:55","startHours":27.543071663087026,"endHours":28.923076337873887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:55","end":"06:18","startHours":28.923076337873887,"endHours":30.30308101266075,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.303081012660751,"endHours":7.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.303081012660751,"endHours":8.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.303081012660751,"endHours":9.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.303081012660751,"endHours":10.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.303081012660751,"endHours":11.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.303081012660751,"endHours":12.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.303081012660751,"endHours":13.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.303081012660751,"endHours":14.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.303081012660751,"endHours":15.303081012660751,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.303081012660751,"endHours":16.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.30308101266075,"endHours":17.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.30308101266075,"endHours":18.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.30308101266075,"endHours":19.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.30308101266075,"endHours":20.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.30308101266075,"endHours":21.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.30308101266075,"endHours":22.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.30308101266075,"endHours":23.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.30308101266075,"endHours":24.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.30308101266075,"endHours":25.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.30308101266075,"endHours":26.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.30308101266075,"endHours":27.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.30308101266075,"endHours":28.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.30308101266075,"endHours":29.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":29.30308101266075,"endHours":30.30308101266075,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.771046447623249,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":24.0392}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 2013 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 2013 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:18, sūryāsta 19:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:10:33.832Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:10:33.832Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:10:33.832Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}