{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2013-01-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-01-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-01-12","date_display":"January 12, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456304.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867839.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.7873,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7577,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":3.9705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9705},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":271.7577,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.091},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":179.545},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456304.770833,"ahargana":1867839.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.035,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.9546519999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":270.957052,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.851},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":289.20485199999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":263.883552,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":42.461051999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":249.398052,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":196.01515199999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":212.8868,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":32.8868,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456304.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867839.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":267.7873,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7577,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":3.9705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.9705},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":271.7577,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.091},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":179.545},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.851,"elongation":3.97},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.851,"opposition_distance":176.03}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:32","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:58","dayLengthHours":10.871507890961269,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 52 Mins 17 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 07 Mins 43 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:44","moonsetLocal":"18:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:15","end":"11:36","startHours":10.249367737865981,"endHours":11.608306224236141,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:20","end":"15:41","startHours":14.326183196976459,"endHours":15.685121683346615,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:32","end":"08:53","startHours":7.531490765125665,"endHours":8.890429251495824,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:04","end":"10:26","startHours":10.068175939683293,"endHours":10.43055953604867,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:59","end":"08:16","startHours":7.984470260582384,"endHours":8.274377137674685,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:36","end":"13:20","startHours":12.604861114240922,"endHours":13.329628306971674,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:05","end":"06:48","startHours":6.081956379664162,"endHours":6.8067235723949135,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:38","end":"07:32","startHours":6.6255317742122255,"endHours":7.531490765125665,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:30","startHours":14.779162692433177,"endHours":15.503929885163927,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.202998656086933,"endHours":18.602998656086932,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:51","startHours":18.402998656086933,"endHours":18.855978151543653,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.152998656086933,"endHours":19.902998656086933,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:36","end":"01:20","startHours":24.604861114240922,"endHours":25.329628306971674,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:32","end":"08:53","startHours":7.531490765125665,"endHours":8.890429251495824,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:53","end":"10:15","startHours":8.890429251495824,"endHours":10.249367737865981,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:15","end":"11:36","startHours":10.249367737865981,"endHours":11.608306224236141,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:36","end":"12:58","startHours":11.608306224236141,"endHours":12.967244710606298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:58","end":"14:20","startHours":12.967244710606298,"endHours":14.326183196976459,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:20","end":"15:41","startHours":14.326183196976459,"endHours":15.685121683346615,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:41","end":"17:03","startHours":15.685121683346615,"endHours":17.044060169716776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:03","end":"18:24","startHours":17.044060169716776,"endHours":18.402998656086933,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:24","end":"20:03","startHours":18.402998656086933,"endHours":20.044060169716772,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:03","end":"21:41","startHours":20.044060169716772,"endHours":21.685121683346615,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:41","end":"23:20","startHours":21.685121683346615,"endHours":23.32618319697646,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:20","end":"00:58","startHours":23.32618319697646,"endHours":24.9672447106063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:58","end":"02:36","startHours":24.9672447106063,"endHours":26.608306224236138,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:36","end":"04:15","startHours":26.608306224236138,"endHours":28.24936773786598,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:15","end":"05:53","startHours":28.24936773786598,"endHours":29.890429251495824,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:53","end":"07:32","startHours":29.890429251495824,"endHours":31.531490765125664,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:32","end":"08:32","startHours":7.531490765125665,"endHours":8.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:32","end":"09:32","startHours":8.531490765125664,"endHours":9.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:32","end":"10:32","startHours":9.531490765125664,"endHours":10.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:32","end":"11:32","startHours":10.531490765125664,"endHours":11.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:32","end":"12:32","startHours":11.531490765125664,"endHours":12.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:32","end":"13:32","startHours":12.531490765125664,"endHours":13.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:32","end":"14:32","startHours":13.531490765125664,"endHours":14.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:32","end":"15:32","startHours":14.531490765125664,"endHours":15.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:32","end":"16:32","startHours":15.531490765125664,"endHours":16.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:32","end":"17:32","startHours":16.531490765125664,"endHours":17.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:32","end":"18:32","startHours":17.531490765125664,"endHours":18.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:32","end":"19:32","startHours":18.531490765125664,"endHours":19.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:32","end":"20:32","startHours":19.531490765125664,"endHours":20.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:32","end":"21:32","startHours":20.531490765125664,"endHours":21.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:32","end":"22:32","startHours":21.531490765125664,"endHours":22.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:32","end":"23:32","startHours":22.531490765125664,"endHours":23.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:32","end":"00:32","startHours":23.531490765125664,"endHours":24.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:32","end":"01:32","startHours":24.531490765125664,"endHours":25.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:32","end":"02:32","startHours":25.531490765125664,"endHours":26.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:32","end":"03:32","startHours":26.531490765125664,"endHours":27.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:32","end":"04:32","startHours":27.531490765125664,"endHours":28.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:32","end":"05:32","startHours":28.531490765125664,"endHours":29.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:32","end":"06:32","startHours":29.531490765125664,"endHours":30.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:32","end":"07:32","startHours":30.531490765125664,"endHours":31.531490765125664,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.64150712505957,"eotMinutes":-8.265482636377905,"ayanamsa":24.035}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 12, 2013 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 12, 2013 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:32, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-01-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-01-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-01-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-01-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2013-01-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T18:05:42.402Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T18:05:42.402Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T18:05:42.402Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}