{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2008-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2008-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2008-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2008 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2008,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454678.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866213.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.6893,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":86.6743,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":342.985,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.985},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":86.6743,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6743},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":190.3636},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2008,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454678.770833,"ahargana":1866213.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9729,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.241577,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.41397699999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.4072},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.738877,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":105.49517700000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":261.43467699999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":118.36787700000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":133.438577,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":299.0401,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":119.0401,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2008,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454678.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866213.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.6893,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":86.6743,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":342.985,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.985},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":86.6743,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6743},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":190.3636},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.407,"elongation":17.015},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.407,"opposition_distance":162.985}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":17,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.25,"opposition_distance":1.434}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"19:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:56","dayLengthHours":13.170587101307355,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:59","moonsetLocal":"18:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:35","end":"16:13","startHours":14.576999629535933,"endHours":16.223323017199355,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:21","end":"08:00","startHours":6.345382691218838,"endHours":7.991706078882257,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:38","end":"11:17","startHours":9.638029466545676,"endHours":11.284352854209097,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:51","startHours":9.418519681523886,"endHours":9.857539251567466,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:54","end":"07:15","startHours":6.89415715377331,"endHours":7.245372809808173,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:22","startHours":12.491656671828936,"endHours":13.369695811916094,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:28","startHours":4.589304411044523,"endHours":5.46734355113168,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:15","end":"06:21","startHours":5.247833766109891,"endHours":6.345382691218838,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:08","end":"16:00","startHours":15.125774092090408,"endHours":16.003813232177563,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:19","end":"19:43","startHours":19.315969792526193,"endHours":19.71596979252619,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:31","end":"20:04","startHours":19.515969792526192,"endHours":20.064744255080665,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:16","end":"21:01","startHours":19.265969792526192,"endHours":21.015969792526192,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:22","startHours":24.491656671828938,"endHours":25.369695811916092,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:21","end":"08:00","startHours":6.345382691218838,"endHours":7.991706078882257,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:00","end":"09:38","startHours":7.991706078882257,"endHours":9.638029466545676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:38","end":"11:17","startHours":9.638029466545676,"endHours":11.284352854209097,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.284352854209097,"endHours":12.930676241872515,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:56","end":"14:35","startHours":12.930676241872515,"endHours":14.576999629535933,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:35","end":"16:13","startHours":14.576999629535933,"endHours":16.223323017199355,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:13","end":"17:52","startHours":16.223323017199355,"endHours":17.869646404862774,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:52","end":"19:31","startHours":17.869646404862774,"endHours":19.515969792526192,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:31","end":"20:52","startHours":19.515969792526192,"endHours":20.869646404862774,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:52","end":"22:13","startHours":20.869646404862774,"endHours":22.223323017199355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:13","end":"23:35","startHours":22.223323017199355,"endHours":23.576999629535933,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:35","end":"00:56","startHours":23.576999629535933,"endHours":24.930676241872515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:56","end":"02:17","startHours":24.930676241872515,"endHours":26.284352854209097,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:17","end":"03:38","startHours":26.284352854209097,"endHours":27.638029466545674,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:38","end":"05:00","startHours":27.638029466545674,"endHours":28.991706078882256,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:00","end":"06:21","startHours":28.991706078882256,"endHours":30.345382691218838,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.345382691218838,"endHours":7.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.345382691218838,"endHours":8.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.345382691218838,"endHours":9.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.345382691218838,"endHours":10.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.345382691218838,"endHours":11.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.345382691218838,"endHours":12.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.345382691218838,"endHours":13.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.345382691218838,"endHours":14.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.345382691218838,"endHours":15.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.345382691218838,"endHours":16.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.345382691218838,"endHours":17.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.345382691218838,"endHours":18.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.345382691218838,"endHours":19.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.345382691218838,"endHours":20.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.345382691218838,"endHours":21.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.345382691218838,"endHours":22.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.345382691218838,"endHours":23.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.345382691218838,"endHours":24.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.345382691218838,"endHours":25.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.345382691218838,"endHours":26.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.345382691218838,"endHours":27.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.345382691218838,"endHours":28.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.345382691218838,"endHours":29.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.345382691218838,"endHours":30.345382691218838,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.20987477089802,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.9729}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2065,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1930,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1415,"malayalam_era":1184,"nanakshahi_year":539,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2065 Plava · Śaka 1930 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2008 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2008 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 19:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2008-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2008-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2008-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2008-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2008-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T10:11:01.231Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T10:11:01.231Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T10:11:01.231Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}