{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2004-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2004-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2004-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2004 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453032.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864567.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5096,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.0903,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":75.5806,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.5806},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":359.0903,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4236},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.5999},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2004,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453032.770833,"ahargana":1864567.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9099,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.534667,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":0.14956699999999046,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.0527},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":1.949467000000027,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":261.536067,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":144.13626699999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":322.142467,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":73.635467,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":26.2531,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":206.2531,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453032.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864567.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5096,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.0903,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":75.5806,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.5806},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":359.0903,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4236},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.5999},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.053,"elongation":75.581},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.053,"opposition_distance":104.419}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:31","sunsetLocal":"18:35","solarNoonLocal":"13:03","dayLengthHours":11.072803395900976,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:51","moonsetLocal":"00:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:03","end":"14:26","startHours":13.04573053391443,"endHours":14.429830958402054,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:54","end":"10:17","startHours":8.893429260451565,"endHours":10.277529684939186,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:40","end":"13:03","startHours":11.66163010942681,"endHours":13.04573053391443,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:06","end":"10:28","startHours":10.09298296167417,"endHours":10.462076408204203,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:58","end":"08:16","startHours":7.970695644126483,"endHours":8.26597040135051,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:41","end":"13:25","startHours":12.676637087384398,"endHours":13.414823980444462,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:02","end":"06:46","startHours":6.032955049843812,"endHours":6.771141942903878,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:35","end":"07:31","startHours":6.586595219638861,"endHours":7.5093288359639425,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:53","end":"15:38","startHours":14.891197766564595,"endHours":15.62938465962466,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:23","end":"18:47","startHours":18.38213223186492,"endHours":18.782132231864917,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:35","end":"19:03","startHours":18.582132231864918,"endHours":19.04349904002746,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:20","end":"20:05","startHours":18.332132231864918,"endHours":20.082132231864918,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:41","end":"01:25","startHours":24.676637087384396,"endHours":25.414823980444464,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:31","end":"08:54","startHours":7.5093288359639425,"endHours":8.893429260451565,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:54","end":"10:17","startHours":8.893429260451565,"endHours":10.277529684939186,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:17","end":"11:40","startHours":10.277529684939186,"endHours":11.66163010942681,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:40","end":"13:03","startHours":11.66163010942681,"endHours":13.04573053391443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:03","end":"14:26","startHours":13.04573053391443,"endHours":14.429830958402054,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:26","end":"15:49","startHours":14.429830958402054,"endHours":15.813931382889674,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:49","end":"17:12","startHours":15.813931382889674,"endHours":17.198031807377298,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:12","end":"18:35","startHours":17.198031807377298,"endHours":18.582132231864918,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:35","end":"20:12","startHours":18.582132231864918,"endHours":20.198031807377298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:12","end":"21:49","startHours":20.198031807377298,"endHours":21.813931382889674,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:49","end":"23:26","startHours":21.813931382889674,"endHours":23.42983095840205,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:26","end":"01:03","startHours":23.42983095840205,"endHours":25.04573053391443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:03","end":"02:40","startHours":25.04573053391443,"endHours":26.66163010942681,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:40","end":"04:17","startHours":26.66163010942681,"endHours":28.277529684939186,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:17","end":"05:54","startHours":28.277529684939186,"endHours":29.893429260451562,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:54","end":"07:31","startHours":29.893429260451562,"endHours":31.50932883596394,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.5093288359639425,"endHours":8.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.509328835963942,"endHours":9.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.509328835963942,"endHours":10.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.509328835963942,"endHours":11.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.509328835963942,"endHours":12.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.509328835963942,"endHours":13.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.509328835963942,"endHours":14.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.509328835963942,"endHours":15.509328835963942,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.509328835963942,"endHours":16.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.50932883596394,"endHours":17.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.50932883596394,"endHours":18.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.50932883596394,"endHours":19.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.50932883596394,"endHours":20.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.50932883596394,"endHours":21.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.50932883596394,"endHours":22.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.50932883596394,"endHours":23.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.50932883596394,"endHours":24.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.50932883596394,"endHours":25.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.50932883596394,"endHours":26.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.50932883596394,"endHours":27.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.50932883596394,"endHours":28.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.50932883596394,"endHours":29.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.50932883596394,"endHours":30.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":30.50932883596394,"endHours":31.50932883596394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.407695612598232,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":23.9099}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2061,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1926,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1411,"malayalam_era":1180,"nanakshahi_year":535,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2061 Hemalambī · Śaka 1926 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2004 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2004 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 07:31, sūryāsta 18:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2004-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2004-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2004-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2004-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2004-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:11:07.524Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:11:07.524Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T11:11:07.524Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}