{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2003-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452851.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864386.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0181,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":124.302,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":21.2839,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2839},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":124.302,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.302},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":227.3201},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452851.770833,"ahargana":1864386.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.903,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.554282,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":125.27028200000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4984},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":316.067282,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":126.72808199999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":120.155282,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":98.375182,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":73.26388199999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":35.8433,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":215.8433,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452851.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864386.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0181,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":124.302,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":21.2839,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2839},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":124.302,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.302},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":227.3201},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.498,"elongation":21.284},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.498,"opposition_distance":158.716}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"19:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:56","dayLengthHours":13.182779174227562,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 58 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 02 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:00","moonsetLocal":"20:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:35","end":"16:14","startHours":14.57852363865096,"endHours":16.226371035429406,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:20","end":"07:59","startHours":6.339286654758733,"endHours":7.987134051537178,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:38","end":"11:17","startHours":9.634981448315624,"endHours":11.28282884509407,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:51","startHours":9.415268462078497,"endHours":9.85469443455275,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:14","startHours":6.888569120351548,"endHours":7.2401098983309495,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:22","startHours":12.491250269398263,"endHours":13.370102214346767,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:28","startHours":4.581582764861725,"endHours":5.460434709810229,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:14","end":"06:20","startHours":5.2407217235731025,"endHours":6.339286654758733,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:08","end":"16:00","startHours":15.127806104243774,"endHours":16.00665804919228,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:19","end":"19:43","startHours":19.322065828986297,"endHours":19.722065828986295,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:31","end":"20:04","startHours":19.522065828986296,"endHours":20.07134829457911,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:16","end":"21:01","startHours":19.272065828986296,"endHours":21.022065828986296,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:22","startHours":24.491250269398265,"endHours":25.370102214346765,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:20","end":"07:59","startHours":6.339286654758733,"endHours":7.987134051537178,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:59","end":"09:38","startHours":7.987134051537178,"endHours":9.634981448315624,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:38","end":"11:17","startHours":9.634981448315624,"endHours":11.28282884509407,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.28282884509407,"endHours":12.930676241872515,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:56","end":"14:35","startHours":12.930676241872515,"endHours":14.57852363865096,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:35","end":"16:14","startHours":14.57852363865096,"endHours":16.226371035429406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:14","end":"17:52","startHours":16.226371035429406,"endHours":17.87421843220785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:52","end":"19:31","startHours":17.87421843220785,"endHours":19.522065828986296,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:31","end":"20:52","startHours":19.522065828986296,"endHours":20.87421843220785,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:52","end":"22:14","startHours":20.87421843220785,"endHours":22.226371035429406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:14","end":"23:35","startHours":22.226371035429406,"endHours":23.57852363865096,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:35","end":"00:56","startHours":23.57852363865096,"endHours":24.930676241872515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:56","end":"02:17","startHours":24.930676241872515,"endHours":26.28282884509407,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:17","end":"03:38","startHours":26.28282884509407,"endHours":27.634981448315624,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:38","end":"04:59","startHours":27.634981448315624,"endHours":28.98713405153718,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:59","end":"06:20","startHours":28.98713405153718,"endHours":30.339286654758734,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.339286654758733,"endHours":7.339286654758733,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.339286654758733,"endHours":8.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.339286654758734,"endHours":9.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.339286654758734,"endHours":10.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.339286654758734,"endHours":11.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.339286654758734,"endHours":12.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.339286654758734,"endHours":13.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.339286654758734,"endHours":14.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.339286654758734,"endHours":15.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.339286654758734,"endHours":16.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.339286654758734,"endHours":17.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.339286654758734,"endHours":18.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.339286654758734,"endHours":19.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.339286654758734,"endHours":20.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.339286654758734,"endHours":21.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.339286654758734,"endHours":22.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.339286654758734,"endHours":23.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.339286654758734,"endHours":24.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.339286654758734,"endHours":25.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.339286654758734,"endHours":26.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.339286654758734,"endHours":27.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.339286654758734,"endHours":28.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.339286654758734,"endHours":29.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.339286654758734,"endHours":30.339286654758734,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.404454641403106,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.903}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2003 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2003 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 19:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T13:43:41.377Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T13:43:41.377Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T13:43:41.377Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}