{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2003-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452667.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864202.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.7745,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":228.9941,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":305.2196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2196},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":228.9941,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.3274},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":152.7685},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452667.770833,"ahargana":1864202.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8959,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.79451200000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":228.63401199999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.2667},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":223.076912,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":259.754812,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":109.82221200000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":237.60891200000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.70901200000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.5925,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.5925,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452667.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864202.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.7745,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":228.9941,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":305.2196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2196},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":228.9941,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.3274},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":152.7685},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.267,"elongation":54.78},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.267,"opposition_distance":125.22}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:30","sunsetLocal":"18:35","solarNoonLocal":"13:03","dayLengthHours":11.076632050179633,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:58","moonsetLocal":"14:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:49","end":"17:12","startHours":15.814888546459336,"endHours":17.199467552731793,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:17","end":"11:40","startHours":10.27657252136952,"endHours":11.661151527641975,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:03","end":"14:26","startHours":13.04573053391443,"endHours":14.430309540186883,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:06","end":"10:28","startHours":10.09196198719986,"endHours":10.46118305553918,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:58","end":"08:16","startHours":7.968940844248764,"endHours":8.264317698920221,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:41","end":"13:25","startHours":12.676509465575108,"endHours":13.414951602253751,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:02","end":"06:46","startHours":6.030530235467328,"endHours":6.768972372145971,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:35","end":"07:30","startHours":6.58436183797631,"endHours":7.5074145088246125,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:54","end":"15:38","startHours":14.891835875611035,"endHours":15.630278012289677,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:23","end":"18:47","startHours":18.384046559004247,"endHours":18.784046559004246,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:35","end":"19:03","startHours":18.584046559004246,"endHours":19.045572894428396,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:20","end":"20:05","startHours":18.334046559004246,"endHours":20.084046559004246,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:41","end":"01:25","startHours":24.67650946557511,"endHours":25.41495160225375,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:30","end":"08:54","startHours":7.5074145088246125,"endHours":8.891993515097067,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:54","end":"10:17","startHours":8.891993515097067,"endHours":10.27657252136952,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:17","end":"11:40","startHours":10.27657252136952,"endHours":11.661151527641975,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:40","end":"13:03","startHours":11.661151527641975,"endHours":13.04573053391443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:03","end":"14:26","startHours":13.04573053391443,"endHours":14.430309540186883,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:26","end":"15:49","startHours":14.430309540186883,"endHours":15.814888546459336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:49","end":"17:12","startHours":15.814888546459336,"endHours":17.199467552731793,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:12","end":"18:35","startHours":17.199467552731793,"endHours":18.584046559004246,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:12","startHours":18.584046559004246,"endHours":20.199467552731793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:12","end":"21:49","startHours":20.199467552731793,"endHours":21.814888546459336,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:49","end":"23:26","startHours":21.814888546459336,"endHours":23.430309540186883,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:26","end":"01:03","startHours":23.430309540186883,"endHours":25.04573053391443,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:03","end":"02:40","startHours":25.04573053391443,"endHours":26.661151527641977,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:40","end":"04:17","startHours":26.661151527641977,"endHours":28.276572521369523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:17","end":"05:54","startHours":28.276572521369523,"endHours":29.891993515097067,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:54","end":"07:30","startHours":29.891993515097067,"endHours":31.507414508824613,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.5074145088246125,"endHours":8.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.507414508824613,"endHours":9.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.507414508824613,"endHours":10.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.507414508824613,"endHours":11.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.507414508824613,"endHours":12.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.507414508824613,"endHours":13.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.507414508824613,"endHours":14.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.507414508824613,"endHours":15.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.507414508824613,"endHours":16.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.507414508824613,"endHours":17.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.507414508824613,"endHours":18.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.507414508824613,"endHours":19.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.507414508824613,"endHours":20.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.507414508824613,"endHours":21.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.507414508824613,"endHours":22.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.507414508824613,"endHours":23.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.507414508824613,"endHours":24.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.507414508824613,"endHours":25.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.507414508824613,"endHours":26.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.507414508824613,"endHours":27.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.507414508824613,"endHours":28.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.507414508824613,"endHours":29.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.507414508824613,"endHours":30.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":30.507414508824613,"endHours":31.507414508824613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.344875909335514,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":23.8959}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"shattila-ekadashi","name":"Ṣaṭ-tilā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"षट्तिला एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Six uses of tila (sesame) on this Ekādaśī confer mokṣa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2003 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2003 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:30, sūryāsta 18:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2003-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T14:04:37.811Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T14:04:37.811Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T14:04:37.811Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}