{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:2001-01-14:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2001-01-14","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-14","date_display":"January 14, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":14,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451923.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863458.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.9495,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.1041,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.1545,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1545},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.1041,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7708},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.0536},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":14,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451923.770833,"ahargana":1863458.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8675,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.07093899999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":148.50493900000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8997},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":198.59033899999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":281.968439,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.50813900000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":317.10573899999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.211238999999978,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.0132,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.0132,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":14,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451923.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863458.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.9495,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.1041,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.1545,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1545},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.1041,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.7708},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":55.0536},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.9,"elongation":124.845},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.9,"opposition_distance":55.155}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:32","sunsetLocal":"18:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:59","dayLengthHours":10.892136172211082,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:45","moonsetLocal":"11:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:04","end":"18:26","startHours":17.063996481234962,"endHours":18.425513502761348,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:59","end":"14:20","startHours":12.979445416655807,"endHours":14.340962438182192,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:42","end":"17:04","startHours":15.702479459708577,"endHours":17.063996481234962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:04","end":"10:26","startHours":10.074875770732852,"endHours":10.437946976473222,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:59","end":"08:17","startHours":7.987216337725728,"endHours":8.277673302318023,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:37","end":"13:21","startHours":12.616374210915437,"endHours":13.342516622396177,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:05","end":"06:48","startHours":6.08109250758879,"endHours":6.807234919069528,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:38","end":"07:32","startHours":6.625699316199343,"endHours":7.533377330550267,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:31","startHours":14.794801445357654,"endHours":15.520943856838393,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:14","end":"18:38","startHours":18.22551350276135,"endHours":18.625513502761347,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:26","end":"18:53","startHours":18.425513502761348,"endHours":18.87935250993681,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:11","end":"19:56","startHours":18.175513502761348,"endHours":19.925513502761348,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:37","end":"01:21","startHours":24.61637421091544,"endHours":25.342516622396175,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:32","end":"08:54","startHours":7.533377330550267,"endHours":8.894894352076651,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:54","end":"10:15","startHours":8.894894352076651,"endHours":10.256411373603036,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:15","end":"11:37","startHours":10.256411373603036,"endHours":11.617928395129422,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:37","end":"12:59","startHours":11.617928395129422,"endHours":12.979445416655807,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:59","end":"14:20","startHours":12.979445416655807,"endHours":14.340962438182192,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:20","end":"15:42","startHours":14.340962438182192,"endHours":15.702479459708577,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:42","end":"17:04","startHours":15.702479459708577,"endHours":17.063996481234962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:04","end":"18:26","startHours":17.063996481234962,"endHours":18.425513502761348,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:26","end":"20:04","startHours":18.425513502761348,"endHours":20.063996481234962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:04","end":"21:42","startHours":20.063996481234962,"endHours":21.702479459708577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:42","end":"23:20","startHours":21.702479459708577,"endHours":23.340962438182192,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:20","end":"00:59","startHours":23.340962438182192,"endHours":24.979445416655807,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:59","end":"02:37","startHours":24.979445416655807,"endHours":26.61792839512942,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:37","end":"04:15","startHours":26.61792839512942,"endHours":28.256411373603036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:15","end":"05:54","startHours":28.256411373603036,"endHours":29.89489435207665,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:54","end":"07:32","startHours":29.89489435207665,"endHours":31.533377330550266,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:32","end":"08:32","startHours":7.533377330550267,"endHours":8.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:32","end":"09:32","startHours":8.533377330550266,"endHours":9.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:32","end":"10:32","startHours":9.533377330550266,"endHours":10.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:32","end":"11:32","startHours":10.533377330550266,"endHours":11.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:32","end":"12:32","startHours":11.533377330550266,"endHours":12.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:32","end":"13:32","startHours":12.533377330550266,"endHours":13.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:32","end":"14:32","startHours":13.533377330550266,"endHours":14.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:32","end":"15:32","startHours":14.533377330550266,"endHours":15.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:32","end":"16:32","startHours":15.533377330550266,"endHours":16.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:32","end":"17:32","startHours":16.533377330550266,"endHours":17.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:32","end":"18:32","startHours":17.533377330550266,"endHours":18.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:32","end":"19:32","startHours":18.533377330550266,"endHours":19.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:32","end":"20:32","startHours":19.533377330550266,"endHours":20.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:32","end":"21:32","startHours":20.533377330550266,"endHours":21.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:32","end":"22:32","startHours":21.533377330550266,"endHours":22.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:32","end":"23:32","startHours":22.533377330550266,"endHours":23.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:32","end":"00:32","startHours":23.533377330550266,"endHours":24.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:32","end":"01:32","startHours":24.533377330550266,"endHours":25.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:32","end":"02:32","startHours":25.533377330550266,"endHours":26.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:32","end":"03:32","startHours":26.533377330550266,"endHours":27.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:32","end":"04:32","startHours":27.533377330550266,"endHours":28.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:32","end":"05:32","startHours":28.533377330550266,"endHours":29.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:32","end":"06:32","startHours":29.533377330550266,"endHours":30.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:32","end":"07:32","startHours":30.533377330550266,"endHours":31.533377330550266,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.316547069961903,"eotMinutes":-8.99752499934842,"ayanamsa":23.8675}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 14, 2001 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 14, 2001 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:32, sūryāsta 18:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2001-01-14","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2001-01-14","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2001-01-14","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2001-01-14","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/2001-01-14"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T00:35:40.364Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T00:35:40.364Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T00:35:40.364Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}