{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:1997-08-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1997-08-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-08-16","date_display":"August 16, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450676.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862211.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.7925,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":266.1875,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":147.395,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.395},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":266.1875,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.8541},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":24.98},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450676.770833,"ahargana":1862211.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8198,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":119.405283,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":265.790083,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0742},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":187.24308300000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":142.437383,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":292.354683,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":154.34558300000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.319283,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":151.0853,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":331.0853,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450676.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862211.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.7925,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":266.1875,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":147.395,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.395},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":266.1875,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.8541},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":24.98},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.074,"elongation":147.395},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.074,"opposition_distance":32.605}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.043,"elongation":1.659}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"19:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:54","dayLengthHours":12.900493255828522,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 02 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 58 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:15","moonsetLocal":"04:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:40","end":"11:17","startHours":9.670527612661743,"endHours":11.283089269640307,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:30","end":"16:07","startHours":14.508212583597437,"endHours":16.120774240576004,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:27","end":"08:03","startHours":6.445404298704612,"endHours":8.057965955683176,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:53","startHours":9.455519391731267,"endHours":9.885535833592218,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:59","end":"07:20","startHours":6.9829248510308,"endHours":7.326938004519561,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:28","end":"13:20","startHours":12.465634484757922,"endHours":13.325667368479825,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:44","end":"05:35","startHours":4.725338531260809,"endHours":5.585371414982711,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:22","end":"06:27","startHours":5.370363194052235,"endHours":6.445404298704612,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:03","end":"15:54","startHours":15.045733135923626,"endHours":15.905766019645528,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:09","end":"19:33","startHours":19.145897554533136,"endHours":19.545897554533134,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:21","end":"19:53","startHours":19.345897554533135,"endHours":19.883418106859324,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:06","end":"20:51","startHours":19.095897554533135,"endHours":20.845897554533135,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:28","end":"01:20","startHours":24.465634484757924,"endHours":25.325667368479824,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:27","end":"08:03","startHours":6.445404298704612,"endHours":8.057965955683176,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:03","end":"09:40","startHours":8.057965955683176,"endHours":9.670527612661743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:40","end":"11:17","startHours":9.670527612661743,"endHours":11.283089269640307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:17","end":"12:54","startHours":11.283089269640307,"endHours":12.895650926618874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:54","end":"14:30","startHours":12.895650926618874,"endHours":14.508212583597437,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:30","end":"16:07","startHours":14.508212583597437,"endHours":16.120774240576004,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:07","end":"17:44","startHours":16.120774240576004,"endHours":17.733335897554568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:44","end":"19:21","startHours":17.733335897554568,"endHours":19.345897554533135,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:21","end":"20:44","startHours":19.345897554533135,"endHours":20.733335897554568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:44","end":"22:07","startHours":20.733335897554568,"endHours":22.120774240576004,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:07","end":"23:30","startHours":22.120774240576004,"endHours":23.50821258359744,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:30","end":"00:54","startHours":23.50821258359744,"endHours":24.895650926618874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:54","end":"02:17","startHours":24.895650926618874,"endHours":26.283089269640307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:17","end":"03:40","startHours":26.283089269640307,"endHours":27.670527612661743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:40","end":"05:03","startHours":27.670527612661743,"endHours":29.05796595568318,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:03","end":"06:27","startHours":29.05796595568318,"endHours":30.445404298704613,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.445404298704612,"endHours":7.445404298704612,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.445404298704612,"endHours":8.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.445404298704613,"endHours":9.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.445404298704613,"endHours":10.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.445404298704613,"endHours":11.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.445404298704613,"endHours":12.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.445404298704613,"endHours":13.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.445404298704613,"endHours":14.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.445404298704613,"endHours":15.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.445404298704613,"endHours":16.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.445404298704613,"endHours":17.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.445404298704613,"endHours":18.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.445404298704613,"endHours":19.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.445404298704613,"endHours":20.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.445404298704613,"endHours":21.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.445404298704613,"endHours":22.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.445404298704613,"endHours":23.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.445404298704613,"endHours":24.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.445404298704613,"endHours":25.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.445404298704613,"endHours":26.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.445404298704613,"endHours":27.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.445404298704613,"endHours":28.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.445404298704613,"endHours":29.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.445404298704613,"endHours":30.445404298704613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":13.77511719407312,"eotMinutes":-3.969855597132357,"ayanamsa":23.8198}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 16, 1997 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 16, 1997 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 19:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1997-08-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1997-08-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1997-08-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1997-08-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1997-08-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T15:02:20.908Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T15:02:20.908Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T15:02:20.908Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}