{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:1971-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1971-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440952.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852487.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.3446,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":302.1099,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":45.7652,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7652},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":302.1099,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.7765},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":198.4545},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440952.770833,"ahargana":1852487.2708,"kali_year":5072,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4479,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.5106109999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":304.62831099999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.3292},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":203.025211,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":248.82621100000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":214.92671100000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":211.69271100000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":22.932411000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":306.3096,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":126.3096,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2440952.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852487.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.3446,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":302.1099,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":45.7652,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7652},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":302.1099,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.7765},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":198.4545},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.329,"elongation":45.765},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.329,"opposition_distance":134.235}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:30","sunsetLocal":"18:17","solarNoonLocal":"12:53","dayLengthHours":10.780112979719696,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:24","moonsetLocal":"21:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:33","end":"12:53","startHours":11.543725516258306,"endHours":12.891239638723267,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:35","end":"16:56","startHours":15.586267883653193,"endHours":16.933782006118154,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:51","end":"10:12","startHours":8.848697271328382,"endHours":10.196211393793345,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:01","end":"10:23","startHours":10.016542844131349,"endHours":10.375879943455338,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:57","end":"08:14","startHours":7.950354523018407,"endHours":8.237824202477599,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:32","end":"13:15","startHours":12.531902539399278,"endHours":13.250576738047256,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:04","end":"06:47","startHours":6.06383475156746,"endHours":6.78250895021544,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:36","end":"07:30","startHours":6.602840400553445,"endHours":7.5011831488634195,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:24","startHours":14.687925135343217,"endHours":15.406599333991197,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:05","end":"18:29","startHours":18.081296128583116,"endHours":18.481296128583114,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:17","end":"18:44","startHours":18.281296128583115,"endHours":18.7304675027381,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:02","end":"19:47","startHours":18.031296128583115,"endHours":19.781296128583115,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:32","end":"01:15","startHours":24.531902539399276,"endHours":25.250576738047258,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:30","end":"08:51","startHours":7.5011831488634195,"endHours":8.848697271328382,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:51","end":"10:12","startHours":8.848697271328382,"endHours":10.196211393793345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:12","end":"11:33","startHours":10.196211393793345,"endHours":11.543725516258306,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:33","end":"12:53","startHours":11.543725516258306,"endHours":12.891239638723267,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:53","end":"14:14","startHours":12.891239638723267,"endHours":14.23875376118823,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:14","end":"15:35","startHours":14.23875376118823,"endHours":15.586267883653193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:35","end":"16:56","startHours":15.586267883653193,"endHours":16.933782006118154,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:56","end":"18:17","startHours":16.933782006118154,"endHours":18.281296128583115,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:17","end":"19:56","startHours":18.281296128583115,"endHours":19.933782006118154,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:56","end":"21:35","startHours":19.933782006118154,"endHours":21.586267883653193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:35","end":"23:14","startHours":21.586267883653193,"endHours":23.238753761188228,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:14","end":"00:53","startHours":23.238753761188228,"endHours":24.891239638723267,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:53","end":"02:33","startHours":24.891239638723267,"endHours":26.543725516258306,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:33","end":"04:12","startHours":26.543725516258306,"endHours":28.19621139379334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:12","end":"05:51","startHours":28.19621139379334,"endHours":29.84869727132838,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:51","end":"07:30","startHours":29.84869727132838,"endHours":31.50118314886342,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.5011831488634195,"endHours":8.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.501183148863419,"endHours":9.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.501183148863419,"endHours":10.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.501183148863419,"endHours":11.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.501183148863419,"endHours":12.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.501183148863419,"endHours":13.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.501183148863419,"endHours":14.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.501183148863419,"endHours":15.501183148863419,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.501183148863419,"endHours":16.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.50118314886342,"endHours":17.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.50118314886342,"endHours":18.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.50118314886342,"endHours":19.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.50118314886342,"endHours":20.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.50118314886342,"endHours":21.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.50118314886342,"endHours":22.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.50118314886342,"endHours":23.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.50118314886342,"endHours":24.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.50118314886342,"endHours":25.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.50118314886342,"endHours":26.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.50118314886342,"endHours":27.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.50118314886342,"endHours":28.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.50118314886342,"endHours":29.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":29.50118314886342,"endHours":30.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":30.50118314886342,"endHours":31.50118314886342,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.062805730353723,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.4479}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1971 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1971 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:30, sūryāsta 18:17.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1971-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1971-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1971-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1971-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1971-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T12:04:34.132Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T12:04:34.132Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T12:04:34.132Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}