{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:1908-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418153.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829688.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.5217,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.5545,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":33.0328,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.0328},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.5545,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.2212},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.0762},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418153.770833,"ahargana":1829688.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5759,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.83750099999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.632201,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0174},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":113.34020099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":87.349601,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":119.185201,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":74.096901,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.766701,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":74.3103,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":254.3103,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418153.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829688.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.5217,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.5545,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":33.0328,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.0328},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.5545,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.2212},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.0762},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.017,"elongation":33.033},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.017,"opposition_distance":146.967}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-17,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.093,"opposition_distance":0.89}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"19:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:56","dayLengthHours":13.18348074674143,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:38","moonsetLocal":"21:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.282741148529835,"endHours":12.930676241872515,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"16:14","end":"17:52","startHours":16.22654642855787,"endHours":17.874481521900552,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:59","end":"09:38","startHours":7.9868709618444775,"endHours":9.634806055187155,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:25","end":"09:51","startHours":9.415081376074799,"endHours":9.854530734299514,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:14","startHours":6.888247566282692,"endHours":7.239807052862464,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:22","startHours":12.491226883647801,"endHours":13.370125600097229,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:28","startHours":4.581138435602941,"endHours":5.46003715205237,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:14","end":"06:20","startHours":5.240312472940013,"endHours":6.338935868501799,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:08","end":"16:00","startHours":15.127923032996087,"endHours":16.006821749445514,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:19","end":"19:43","startHours":19.32241661524323,"endHours":19.72241661524323,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:31","end":"20:04","startHours":19.52241661524323,"endHours":20.071728313024124,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:16","end":"21:01","startHours":19.27241661524323,"endHours":21.02241661524323,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:22","startHours":24.4912268836478,"endHours":25.37012560009723,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:20","end":"07:59","startHours":6.338935868501799,"endHours":7.9868709618444775,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:59","end":"09:38","startHours":7.9868709618444775,"endHours":9.634806055187155,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:38","end":"11:17","startHours":9.634806055187155,"endHours":11.282741148529835,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.282741148529835,"endHours":12.930676241872515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:56","end":"14:35","startHours":12.930676241872515,"endHours":14.578611335215193,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:35","end":"16:14","startHours":14.578611335215193,"endHours":16.22654642855787,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:14","end":"17:52","startHours":16.22654642855787,"endHours":17.874481521900552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:52","end":"19:31","startHours":17.874481521900552,"endHours":19.52241661524323,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:31","end":"20:52","startHours":19.52241661524323,"endHours":20.874481521900552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:52","end":"22:14","startHours":20.874481521900552,"endHours":22.226546428557874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:14","end":"23:35","startHours":22.226546428557874,"endHours":23.578611335215193,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:35","end":"00:56","startHours":23.578611335215193,"endHours":24.930676241872515,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:56","end":"02:17","startHours":24.930676241872515,"endHours":26.282741148529837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:17","end":"03:38","startHours":26.282741148529837,"endHours":27.634806055187155,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:38","end":"04:59","startHours":27.634806055187155,"endHours":28.986870961844478,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:59","end":"06:20","startHours":28.986870961844478,"endHours":30.3389358685018,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.338935868501799,"endHours":7.338935868501799,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.338935868501799,"endHours":8.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.3389358685018,"endHours":9.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.3389358685018,"endHours":10.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.3389358685018,"endHours":11.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.3389358685018,"endHours":12.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.3389358685018,"endHours":13.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.3389358685018,"endHours":14.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.3389358685018,"endHours":15.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.3389358685018,"endHours":16.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.3389358685018,"endHours":17.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.3389358685018,"endHours":18.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.3389358685018,"endHours":19.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.3389358685018,"endHours":20.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.3389358685018,"endHours":21.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.3389358685018,"endHours":22.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.3389358685018,"endHours":23.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.3389358685018,"endHours":24.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.3389358685018,"endHours":25.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.3389358685018,"endHours":26.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.3389358685018,"endHours":27.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.3389358685018,"endHours":28.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.3389358685018,"endHours":29.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.3389358685018,"endHours":30.3389358685018,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.415635909970685,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":22.5759}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1908 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1908 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 19:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T19:11:49.881Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T19:11:49.881Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-26T19:11:49.881Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}