{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:1908-01-05:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-01-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-01-05","date_display":"January 5, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417945.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829480.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.7672,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.2069,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":14.4398,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4398},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":275.2069,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5403},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.9741},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417945.770833,"ahargana":1829480.2708,"kali_year":5009,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.568,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.74794799999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.863248,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.771},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":334.38964799999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.414448,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":110.21024799999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":289.50214800000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":330.787148,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.3312,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.3312,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417945.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829480.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.7672,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.2069,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":14.4398,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4398},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":275.2069,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.5403},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.9741},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.771,"elongation":14.44},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.771,"opposition_distance":165.56}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-1,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.366,"elongation":0.969}]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:31","sunsetLocal":"18:19","solarNoonLocal":"12:55","dayLengthHours":10.799076644893262,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 47 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 12 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:32","moonsetLocal":"19:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:58","end":"18:19","startHours":16.97001991890436,"endHours":18.319904499516017,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:55","end":"14:16","startHours":12.920366177069386,"endHours":14.270250757681044,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:37","end":"16:58","startHours":15.620135338292702,"endHours":16.97001991890436,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"10:02","end":"10:24","startHours":10.04061240509785,"endHours":10.400581626594292,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:58","end":"08:16","startHours":7.970789381493307,"endHours":8.258764758690461,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:34","end":"13:17","startHours":12.560396955572944,"endHours":13.280335398565828,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:05","end":"06:48","startHours":6.080950968636986,"endHours":6.80088941162987,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:37","end":"07:31","startHours":6.620904800881649,"endHours":7.5208278546227545,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:26","startHours":14.720212284551597,"endHours":15.44015072754448,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:07","end":"18:31","startHours":18.119904499516018,"endHours":18.519904499516016,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:19","end":"18:46","startHours":18.319904499516017,"endHours":18.76986602638657,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:49","startHours":18.069904499516017,"endHours":19.819904499516017,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:34","end":"01:17","startHours":24.560396955572944,"endHours":25.28033539856583,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:31","end":"08:52","startHours":7.5208278546227545,"endHours":8.870712435234413,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:52","end":"10:13","startHours":8.870712435234413,"endHours":10.22059701584607,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:13","end":"11:34","startHours":10.22059701584607,"endHours":11.570481596457729,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:34","end":"12:55","startHours":11.570481596457729,"endHours":12.920366177069386,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:55","end":"14:16","startHours":12.920366177069386,"endHours":14.270250757681044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:16","end":"15:37","startHours":14.270250757681044,"endHours":15.620135338292702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:37","end":"16:58","startHours":15.620135338292702,"endHours":16.97001991890436,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:58","end":"18:19","startHours":16.97001991890436,"endHours":18.319904499516017,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:19","end":"19:58","startHours":18.319904499516017,"endHours":19.97001991890436,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:58","end":"21:37","startHours":19.97001991890436,"endHours":21.6201353382927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:37","end":"23:16","startHours":21.6201353382927,"endHours":23.270250757681044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:16","end":"00:55","startHours":23.270250757681044,"endHours":24.920366177069386,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:55","end":"02:34","startHours":24.920366177069386,"endHours":26.57048159645773,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:34","end":"04:13","startHours":26.57048159645773,"endHours":28.22059701584607,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:13","end":"05:52","startHours":28.22059701584607,"endHours":29.870712435234413,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:52","end":"07:31","startHours":29.870712435234413,"endHours":31.520827854622755,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.5208278546227545,"endHours":8.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.520827854622755,"endHours":9.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.520827854622755,"endHours":10.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.520827854622755,"endHours":11.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.520827854622755,"endHours":12.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.520827854622755,"endHours":13.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.520827854622755,"endHours":14.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.520827854622755,"endHours":15.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.520827854622755,"endHours":16.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.520827854622755,"endHours":17.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.520827854622755,"endHours":18.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.520827854622755,"endHours":19.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.520827854622755,"endHours":20.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.520827854622755,"endHours":21.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.520827854622755,"endHours":22.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.520827854622755,"endHours":23.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.520827854622755,"endHours":24.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.520827854622755,"endHours":25.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.520827854622755,"endHours":26.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.520827854622755,"endHours":27.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.520827854622755,"endHours":28.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.520827854622755,"endHours":29.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.520827854622755,"endHours":30.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":30.520827854622755,"endHours":31.520827854622755,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.770403789171183,"eotMinutes":-5.452770624163118,"ayanamsa":22.568}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 5, 1908 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 5, 1908 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:31, sūryāsta 18:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-01-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-01-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-01-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-01-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1908-01-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T09:31:25.700Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-26T09:31:25.700Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-26T09:31:25.700Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}