{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jamnagar:1901-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1901-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415593.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827128.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.4915,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.2247,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":138.7332,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7332},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":240.2247,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2247},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":341.7162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415593.770833,"ahargana":1827128.2708,"kali_year":5003,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.478,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.77181200000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.93841199999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.2668},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":167.16001200000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":85.38681200000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":253.87371200000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":126.749012,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":260.3546120000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":209.9515,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":29.9515,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415593.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827128.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.4915,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.2247,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":138.7332,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7332},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":240.2247,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2247},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":341.7162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.267,"elongation":138.733},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.267,"opposition_distance":41.267}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jamnagar","name":"Jamnagar, Gujarat","lat":22.4707,"lon":70.0577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"19:33","solarNoonLocal":"12:56","dayLengthHours":13.232564057145154,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:51","moonsetLocal":"03:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:54","end":"19:33","startHours":17.89453739936945,"endHours":19.548607906512597,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:56","end":"14:35","startHours":12.93232587794002,"endHours":14.586396385083162,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"16:14","end":"17:54","startHours":16.24046689222631,"endHours":17.89453739936945,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:24","end":"09:51","startHours":9.403642129367977,"endHours":9.844727597939483,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:13","startHours":6.867400685081823,"endHours":7.220269059939027,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:29","end":"13:22","startHours":12.491240409368515,"endHours":13.373411346511524,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:33","end":"05:26","startHours":4.551701975081421,"endHours":5.433872912224431,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:13","end":"06:19","startHours":5.213330177938679,"endHours":6.316043849367442,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:08","end":"16:01","startHours":15.137753220797546,"endHours":16.019924157940554,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:21","end":"19:45","startHours":19.348607906512598,"endHours":19.748607906512596,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:33","end":"20:06","startHours":19.548607906512597,"endHours":20.09996474222698,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:18","end":"21:03","startHours":19.298607906512597,"endHours":21.048607906512597,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:29","end":"01:22","startHours":24.491240409368515,"endHours":25.373411346511524,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:58","startHours":6.316043849367442,"endHours":7.970114356510586,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:58","end":"09:37","startHours":7.970114356510586,"endHours":9.624184863653731,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:37","end":"11:17","startHours":9.624184863653731,"endHours":11.278255370796874,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:17","end":"12:56","startHours":11.278255370796874,"endHours":12.93232587794002,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:56","end":"14:35","startHours":12.93232587794002,"endHours":14.586396385083162,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:35","end":"16:14","startHours":14.586396385083162,"endHours":16.24046689222631,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:14","end":"17:54","startHours":16.24046689222631,"endHours":17.89453739936945,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:54","end":"19:33","startHours":17.89453739936945,"endHours":19.548607906512597,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:33","end":"20:54","startHours":19.548607906512597,"endHours":20.894537399369455,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:54","end":"22:14","startHours":20.894537399369455,"endHours":22.24046689222631,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:14","end":"23:35","startHours":22.24046689222631,"endHours":23.586396385083162,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:35","end":"00:56","startHours":23.586396385083162,"endHours":24.93232587794002,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:56","end":"02:17","startHours":24.93232587794002,"endHours":26.278255370796877,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:17","end":"03:37","startHours":26.278255370796877,"endHours":27.62418486365373,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:37","end":"04:58","startHours":27.62418486365373,"endHours":28.970114356510585,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:58","end":"06:19","startHours":28.970114356510585,"endHours":30.316043849367443,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.316043849367442,"endHours":7.316043849367442,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.316043849367442,"endHours":8.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.316043849367443,"endHours":9.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.316043849367443,"endHours":10.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.316043849367443,"endHours":11.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.316043849367443,"endHours":12.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.316043849367443,"endHours":13.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.316043849367443,"endHours":14.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.316043849367443,"endHours":15.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.316043849367443,"endHours":16.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.316043849367443,"endHours":17.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.316043849367443,"endHours":18.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.316043849367443,"endHours":19.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.316043849367443,"endHours":20.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.316043849367443,"endHours":21.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.316043849367443,"endHours":22.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.316043849367443,"endHours":23.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.316043849367443,"endHours":24.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.316043849367443,"endHours":25.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.316043849367443,"endHours":26.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.316043849367443,"endHours":27.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.316043849367443,"endHours":28.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.316043849367443,"endHours":29.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.316043849367443,"endHours":30.316043849367443,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.193669947134016,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":22.478}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jamnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1901 CE · Jamnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 1901 CE for Jamnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 19:33.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1901-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1901-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1901-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1901-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jamnagar/1901-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:36.256Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:36.256Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:36.256Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}