{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:jammu:2021-01-10:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jammu/2021-01-10","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-01-10","date_display":"January 10, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":1,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459224.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870759.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.6603,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":225.7005,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":320.0402,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0402},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":225.7005,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3671},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.3608},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":1,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459224.770833,"ahargana":1870759.2708,"kali_year":5122,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1467,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.863687,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":224.11568699999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.9708},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":7.029786999999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":278.1521869999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":280.723887,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":247.319887,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":278.526787,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":58.1711,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":238.1711,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":1,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459224.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870759.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":265.6603,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":225.7005,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":320.0402,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0402},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":225.7005,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3671},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.3608},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.971,"elongation":39.96},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.971,"opposition_distance":140.04}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-11,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.091,"opposition_distance":1.549}]},"city":{"slug":"jammu","name":"Jammu, J&K","lat":32.7266,"lon":74.857,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"J&K","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"jammu","name":"Jammu, J&K","lat":32.7266,"lon":74.857,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"J&K","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:34","sunsetLocal":"17:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":10.146094601519286,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 08 Mins 46 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 51 Mins 14 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:47","moonsetLocal":"14:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:26","end":"17:42","startHours":16.4393075393125,"endHours":17.70756936450241,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:38","end":"13:54","startHours":12.634522063742768,"endHours":13.90278388893268,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:10","end":"16:26","startHours":15.17104571412259,"endHours":16.4393075393125,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:56","end":"10:16","startHours":9.928896836670958,"endHours":10.267099990054936,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:59","end":"08:15","startHours":7.984228704713097,"endHours":8.254791227420277,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"12:58","startHours":12.296318910358792,"endHours":12.972725217126744,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:13","end":"06:53","startHours":6.208662149447221,"endHours":6.885068456215174,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:43","end":"07:34","startHours":6.715966879523186,"endHours":7.561474762983126,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:00","startHours":14.32553783066265,"endHours":15.001944137430602,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:30","end":"17:54","startHours":17.507569364502412,"endHours":17.90756936450241,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:42","end":"18:08","startHours":17.70756936450241,"endHours":18.13032330623238,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:12","startHours":17.45756936450241,"endHours":19.20756936450241,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"00:58","startHours":24.296318910358792,"endHours":24.972725217126744,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:34","end":"08:50","startHours":7.561474762983126,"endHours":8.829736588173036,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:50","end":"10:06","startHours":8.829736588173036,"endHours":10.097998413362948,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:06","end":"11:22","startHours":10.097998413362948,"endHours":11.366260238552858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:22","end":"12:38","startHours":11.366260238552858,"endHours":12.634522063742768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:38","end":"13:54","startHours":12.634522063742768,"endHours":13.90278388893268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:54","end":"15:10","startHours":13.90278388893268,"endHours":15.17104571412259,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:10","end":"16:26","startHours":15.17104571412259,"endHours":16.4393075393125,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:26","end":"17:42","startHours":16.4393075393125,"endHours":17.70756936450241,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:42","end":"19:26","startHours":17.70756936450241,"endHours":19.4393075393125,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:26","end":"21:10","startHours":19.4393075393125,"endHours":21.17104571412259,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:10","end":"22:54","startHours":21.17104571412259,"endHours":22.90278388893268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:54","end":"00:38","startHours":22.90278388893268,"endHours":24.634522063742768,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:38","end":"02:22","startHours":24.634522063742768,"endHours":26.366260238552858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:22","end":"04:06","startHours":26.366260238552858,"endHours":28.097998413362948,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:06","end":"05:50","startHours":28.097998413362948,"endHours":29.829736588173034,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:50","end":"07:34","startHours":29.829736588173034,"endHours":31.561474762983124,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:34","end":"08:34","startHours":7.561474762983126,"endHours":8.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:34","end":"09:34","startHours":8.561474762983126,"endHours":9.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:34","end":"10:34","startHours":9.561474762983126,"endHours":10.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:34","end":"11:34","startHours":10.561474762983126,"endHours":11.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:34","end":"12:34","startHours":11.561474762983126,"endHours":12.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:34","end":"13:34","startHours":12.561474762983126,"endHours":13.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:34","end":"14:34","startHours":13.561474762983126,"endHours":14.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:34","end":"15:34","startHours":14.561474762983126,"endHours":15.561474762983126,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:34","end":"16:34","startHours":15.561474762983126,"endHours":16.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:34","end":"17:34","startHours":16.561474762983124,"endHours":17.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:34","end":"18:34","startHours":17.561474762983124,"endHours":18.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:34","end":"19:34","startHours":18.561474762983124,"endHours":19.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:34","end":"20:34","startHours":19.561474762983124,"endHours":20.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:34","end":"21:34","startHours":20.561474762983124,"endHours":21.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:34","end":"22:34","startHours":21.561474762983124,"endHours":22.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:34","end":"23:34","startHours":22.561474762983124,"endHours":23.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:34","end":"00:34","startHours":23.561474762983124,"endHours":24.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:34","end":"01:34","startHours":24.561474762983124,"endHours":25.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:34","end":"02:34","startHours":25.561474762983124,"endHours":26.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:34","end":"03:34","startHours":26.561474762983124,"endHours":27.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:34","end":"04:34","startHours":27.561474762983124,"endHours":28.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:34","end":"05:34","startHours":28.561474762983124,"endHours":29.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:34","end":"06:34","startHours":29.561474762983124,"endHours":30.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:34","end":"07:34","startHours":30.561474762983124,"endHours":31.561474762983124,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.945321418679956,"eotMinutes":-7.499323824565993,"ayanamsa":24.1467}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"jammu"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 10, 2021 CE · Jammu, J&K · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 10, 2021 CE for Jammu, J&K: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:34, sūryāsta 17:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jammu/2021-01-10","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jammu/2021-01-10","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/jammu/2021-01-10","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/jammu/2021-01-10","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/jammu/2021-01-10"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T12:34:46.220Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T12:34:46.220Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T12:34:46.220Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}