{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:indore:2023-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460306.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871841.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.4983,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.5571,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.0588,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.0588},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2,"moon_longitude":85.5571,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5571},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":337.0553},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460306.770833,"ahargana":1871841.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1881,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.83104600000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":83.659446,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4808},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":239.91564599999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":239.73524599999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":11.424945999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":213.28684599999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":308.80964599999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":0.8415,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":180.8415,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460306.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871841.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.4983,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":85.5571,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":194.0588,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.0588},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2,"moon_longitude":85.5571,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5571},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":337.0553},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.481,"elongation":165.941},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.481,"opposition_distance":14.059}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"17:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":10.747937438085067,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 44 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 15 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:34","moonsetLocal":"07:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:49","end":"15:10","startHours":13.81776392083209,"endHours":15.161256100592723,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:06","end":"08:27","startHours":7.100303022028924,"endHours":8.443795201789557,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:47","end":"11:08","startHours":9.78728738155019,"endHours":11.130779561310824,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:36","end":"09:58","startHours":9.608155090915439,"endHours":9.96641967218494,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:50","startHours":7.548133748615801,"endHours":7.834745413631403,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:50","startHours":12.116007159801956,"endHours":12.83253632234096,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:40","end":"06:23","startHours":5.667244696950915,"endHours":6.383773859489919,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:12","end":"07:06","startHours":6.204641568855168,"endHours":7.100303022028924,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:16","end":"14:59","startHours":14.265594647418968,"endHours":14.982123809957972,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:39","end":"18:03","startHours":17.648240460113993,"endHours":18.04824046011399,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:51","end":"18:18","startHours":17.848240460113992,"endHours":18.29607118670087,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:21","startHours":17.598240460113992,"endHours":19.348240460113992,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:50","startHours":24.116007159801956,"endHours":24.83253632234096,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:06","end":"08:27","startHours":7.100303022028924,"endHours":8.443795201789557,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:27","end":"09:47","startHours":8.443795201789557,"endHours":9.78728738155019,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:47","end":"11:08","startHours":9.78728738155019,"endHours":11.130779561310824,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:08","end":"12:28","startHours":11.130779561310824,"endHours":12.474271741071458,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:28","end":"13:49","startHours":12.474271741071458,"endHours":13.81776392083209,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:49","end":"15:10","startHours":13.81776392083209,"endHours":15.161256100592723,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:10","end":"16:30","startHours":15.161256100592723,"endHours":16.504748280353358,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:30","end":"17:51","startHours":16.504748280353358,"endHours":17.848240460113992,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:51","end":"19:30","startHours":17.848240460113992,"endHours":19.504748280353358,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:30","end":"21:10","startHours":19.504748280353358,"endHours":21.161256100592723,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:10","end":"22:49","startHours":21.161256100592723,"endHours":22.817763920832093,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:49","end":"00:28","startHours":22.817763920832093,"endHours":24.47427174107146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:28","end":"02:08","startHours":24.47427174107146,"endHours":26.130779561310824,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:08","end":"03:47","startHours":26.130779561310824,"endHours":27.787287381550193,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:47","end":"05:27","startHours":27.787287381550193,"endHours":29.44379520178956,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:27","end":"07:06","startHours":29.44379520178956,"endHours":31.100303022028925,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.100303022028924,"endHours":8.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.100303022028925,"endHours":9.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.100303022028925,"endHours":10.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.100303022028925,"endHours":11.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.100303022028925,"endHours":12.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.100303022028925,"endHours":13.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.100303022028925,"endHours":14.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.100303022028925,"endHours":15.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.100303022028925,"endHours":16.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.100303022028925,"endHours":17.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.100303022028925,"endHours":18.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.100303022028925,"endHours":19.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.100303022028925,"endHours":20.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.100303022028925,"endHours":21.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.100303022028925,"endHours":22.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.100303022028925,"endHours":23.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.100303022028925,"endHours":24.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.100303022028925,"endHours":25.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.100303022028925,"endHours":26.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.100303022028925,"endHours":27.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.100303022028925,"endHours":28.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.100303022028925,"endHours":29.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.100303022028925,"endHours":30.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.100303022028925,"endHours":31.100303022028925,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.29963967177332,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":24.1881}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"indore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 2023 CE · Indore, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 2023 CE for Indore, Madhya Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 17:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:44:20.973Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:44:20.973Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:44:20.973Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}