{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:indore:2023-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.4492,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.6243,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.1751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1751},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":326.6243,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6243},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.0736},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1836,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.19095499999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.90865499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.919},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":158.38485500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":144.242055,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":21.393655000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":107.74785500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":309.37425499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.0937,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.0937,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.4492,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.6243,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.1751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1751},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":326.6243,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6243},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.0736},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"elongation":166.825},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"opposition_distance":13.175}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:08","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":12.5963107919411,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 35 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 24 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:24","moonsetLocal":"07:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:52","end":"12:26","startHours":10.860347520822808,"endHours":12.434886369815445,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:35","end":"17:10","startHours":15.583964067800721,"endHours":17.158502916793356,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:43","end":"09:17","startHours":7.711269822837533,"endHours":9.285808671830171,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:30","startHours":9.075870158631151,"endHours":9.495747185029188,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"07:00","startHours":6.661577256842441,"endHours":6.99747887796087,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:51","startHours":12.015009343417407,"endHours":12.854763396213482,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:18","startHours":4.457222868252749,"endHours":5.296976921048822,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:08","startHours":5.087038407849803,"endHours":6.136730973844895,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:22","startHours":14.534271501805627,"endHours":15.3740255546017,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.533041765785995,"endHours":18.933041765785994,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:15","startHours":18.733041765785995,"endHours":19.257888048783542,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.483041765785995,"endHours":20.233041765785995,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:51","startHours":24.015009343417407,"endHours":24.85476339621348,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:08","end":"07:43","startHours":6.136730973844895,"endHours":7.711269822837533,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:43","end":"09:17","startHours":7.711269822837533,"endHours":9.285808671830171,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:17","end":"10:52","startHours":9.285808671830171,"endHours":10.860347520822808,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:52","end":"12:26","startHours":10.860347520822808,"endHours":12.434886369815445,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:26","end":"14:01","startHours":12.434886369815445,"endHours":14.009425218808083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:01","end":"15:35","startHours":14.009425218808083,"endHours":15.583964067800721,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:35","end":"17:10","startHours":15.583964067800721,"endHours":17.158502916793356,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:10","end":"18:44","startHours":17.158502916793356,"endHours":18.733041765785995,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:44","end":"20:10","startHours":18.733041765785995,"endHours":20.158502916793356,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:10","end":"21:35","startHours":20.158502916793356,"endHours":21.58396406780072,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:35","end":"23:01","startHours":21.58396406780072,"endHours":23.009425218808083,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:01","end":"00:26","startHours":23.009425218808083,"endHours":24.434886369815445,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:26","end":"01:52","startHours":24.434886369815445,"endHours":25.860347520822806,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:52","end":"03:17","startHours":25.860347520822806,"endHours":27.285808671830168,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:17","end":"04:43","startHours":27.285808671830168,"endHours":28.711269822837533,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:43","end":"06:08","startHours":28.711269822837533,"endHours":30.136730973844895,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.136730973844895,"endHours":7.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.136730973844895,"endHours":8.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.136730973844895,"endHours":9.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.136730973844895,"endHours":10.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.136730973844895,"endHours":11.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.136730973844895,"endHours":12.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.136730973844895,"endHours":13.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.136730973844895,"endHours":14.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.136730973844895,"endHours":15.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.136730973844895,"endHours":16.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.136730973844895,"endHours":17.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.136730973844895,"endHours":18.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.136730973844895,"endHours":19.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.136730973844895,"endHours":20.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.136730973844895,"endHours":21.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.136730973844895,"endHours":22.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.136730973844895,"endHours":23.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.136730973844895,"endHours":24.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.136730973844895,"endHours":25.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.136730973844895,"endHours":26.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.136730973844895,"endHours":27.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.136730973844895,"endHours":28.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.136730973844895,"endHours":29.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.136730973844895,"endHours":30.136730973844895,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.428743593330648,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":24.1836}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"indore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2023 CE · Indore, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2023 CE for Indore, Madhya Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:08, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:18:37.892Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:18:37.892Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T17:18:37.892Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}