{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:indore:2023-01-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-01-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-01-25","date_display":"January 25, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459969.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871504.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":280.5233,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.4596,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":41.9362,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9362},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.4596,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4596},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.9829},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459969.770833,"ahargana":1871504.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1752,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":280.61372200000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":325.192822,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.7399},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":44.57122199999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.017522,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":340.630222,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":302.956322,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":300.939522,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":18.6974,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":198.6974,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459969.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871504.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":280.5233,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.4596,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":41.9362,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9362},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":322.4596,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4596},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":242.9829},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.74,"elongation":41.936},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.74,"opposition_distance":138.064}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:08","sunsetLocal":"18:09","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":11.01923035930485,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:42","moonsetLocal":"21:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:39","end":"14:02","startHours":12.647965475365858,"endHours":14.025369270278965,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:31","end":"09:54","startHours":8.51575409062654,"endHours":9.893157885539647,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:16","end":"12:39","startHours":11.270561680452753,"endHours":12.647965475365858,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:05","startHours":9.709504046217898,"endHours":10.076811724861393,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:36","end":"07:53","startHours":7.597484894017803,"endHours":7.891331036932598,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:17","end":"13:01","startHours":12.280657796722362,"endHours":13.015273154009353,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:40","end":"06:24","startHours":5.669119581139454,"endHours":6.403734938426444,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:13","end":"07:08","startHours":6.220081099104696,"endHours":7.138350295713434,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:29","end":"15:13","startHours":14.484503868583333,"endHours":15.219119225870323,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:57","end":"18:21","startHours":17.957580655018283,"endHours":18.357580655018282,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:09","end":"18:37","startHours":18.157580655018283,"endHours":18.616715253322653,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:54","end":"19:39","startHours":17.907580655018283,"endHours":19.657580655018283,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:17","end":"01:01","startHours":24.280657796722362,"endHours":25.015273154009353,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:08","end":"08:31","startHours":7.138350295713434,"endHours":8.51575409062654,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:31","end":"09:54","startHours":8.51575409062654,"endHours":9.893157885539647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:54","end":"11:16","startHours":9.893157885539647,"endHours":11.270561680452753,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:16","end":"12:39","startHours":11.270561680452753,"endHours":12.647965475365858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:39","end":"14:02","startHours":12.647965475365858,"endHours":14.025369270278965,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:02","end":"15:24","startHours":14.025369270278965,"endHours":15.402773065192072,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:24","end":"16:47","startHours":15.402773065192072,"endHours":16.780176860105176,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:47","end":"18:09","startHours":16.780176860105176,"endHours":18.157580655018283,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:09","end":"19:47","startHours":18.157580655018283,"endHours":19.780176860105176,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:47","end":"21:24","startHours":19.780176860105176,"endHours":21.402773065192072,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:24","end":"23:02","startHours":21.402773065192072,"endHours":23.025369270278965,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:02","end":"00:39","startHours":23.025369270278965,"endHours":24.647965475365858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:39","end":"02:16","startHours":24.647965475365858,"endHours":26.27056168045275,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:16","end":"03:54","startHours":26.27056168045275,"endHours":27.893157885539644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:54","end":"05:31","startHours":27.893157885539644,"endHours":29.51575409062654,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:31","end":"07:08","startHours":29.51575409062654,"endHours":31.138350295713433,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.138350295713434,"endHours":8.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.138350295713433,"endHours":9.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.138350295713433,"endHours":10.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.138350295713433,"endHours":11.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.138350295713433,"endHours":12.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.138350295713433,"endHours":13.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.138350295713433,"endHours":14.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.138350295713433,"endHours":15.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.138350295713433,"endHours":16.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.138350295713433,"endHours":17.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.138350295713433,"endHours":18.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.138350295713433,"endHours":19.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.138350295713433,"endHours":20.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.138350295713433,"endHours":21.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.138350295713433,"endHours":22.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.138350295713433,"endHours":23.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.138350295713433,"endHours":24.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.138350295713433,"endHours":25.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.138350295713433,"endHours":26.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.138350295713433,"endHours":27.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.138350295713433,"endHours":28.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.138350295713433,"endHours":29.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.138350295713433,"endHours":30.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":30.138350295713433,"endHours":31.138350295713433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.06505919800356,"eotMinutes":-12.308728521951446,"ayanamsa":24.1752}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"indore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 25, 2023 CE · Indore, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 25, 2023 CE for Indore, Madhya Pradesh: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:08, sūryāsta 18:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-01-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-01-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-01-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-01-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/2023-01-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:17:43.255Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:17:43.255Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T00:17:43.255Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}