{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:indore:1997-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1997-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450464.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861999.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0391,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.544,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":89.5049,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.5049},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.544,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.544},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":273.5831},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450464.770833,"ahargana":1861999.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8117,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.134583,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.624183000000016,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.4805},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":159.60238300000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":249.73808299999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":274.92928299999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":253.52588300000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":338.44638299999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":162.3181,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":342.3181,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450464.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861999.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.0391,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":1.544,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":89.5049,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.5049},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":1.544,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.544},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":273.5831},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":14,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.48,"elongation":89.505},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.48,"opposition_distance":90.495}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:09","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:36","dayLengthHours":10.900114150474792,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 54 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:25","moonsetLocal":"01:07","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:58","end":"15:20","startHours":13.966882627838977,"endHours":15.329396896648326,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:09","end":"08:31","startHours":7.154311283792233,"endHours":8.516825552601581,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:53","end":"11:15","startHours":9.87933982141093,"endHours":11.24185409022028,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:42","end":"10:04","startHours":9.69767125223635,"endHours":10.061008390585512,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:54","startHours":7.608482706728683,"endHours":7.899152417408011,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"12:58","startHours":12.241031220680469,"endHours":12.967705497378788,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:42","end":"06:26","startHours":5.700962730395594,"endHours":6.427637007093914,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:15","end":"07:09","startHours":6.245968437919334,"endHours":7.154311283792233,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:09","startHours":14.421054050775428,"endHours":15.147728327473748,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.854425434267025,"endHours":18.254425434267024,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:31","startHours":18.054425434267024,"endHours":18.508596857203475,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.804425434267024,"endHours":19.554425434267024,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"00:58","startHours":24.24103122068047,"endHours":24.967705497378788,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:09","end":"08:31","startHours":7.154311283792233,"endHours":8.516825552601581,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:31","end":"09:53","startHours":8.516825552601581,"endHours":9.87933982141093,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:53","end":"11:15","startHours":9.87933982141093,"endHours":11.24185409022028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:15","end":"12:36","startHours":11.24185409022028,"endHours":12.604368359029628,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:36","end":"13:58","startHours":12.604368359029628,"endHours":13.966882627838977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:58","end":"15:20","startHours":13.966882627838977,"endHours":15.329396896648326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:20","end":"16:42","startHours":15.329396896648326,"endHours":16.691911165457675,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:42","end":"18:03","startHours":16.691911165457675,"endHours":18.054425434267024,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:03","end":"19:42","startHours":18.054425434267024,"endHours":19.691911165457675,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:42","end":"21:20","startHours":19.691911165457675,"endHours":21.329396896648326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:20","end":"22:58","startHours":21.329396896648326,"endHours":22.966882627838977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:58","end":"00:36","startHours":22.966882627838977,"endHours":24.60436835902963,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:36","end":"02:15","startHours":24.60436835902963,"endHours":26.24185409022028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:15","end":"03:53","startHours":26.24185409022028,"endHours":27.87933982141093,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:53","end":"05:31","startHours":27.87933982141093,"endHours":29.51682555260158,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:31","end":"07:09","startHours":29.51682555260158,"endHours":31.154311283792232,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.154311283792233,"endHours":8.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.154311283792232,"endHours":9.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.154311283792232,"endHours":10.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.154311283792232,"endHours":11.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.154311283792232,"endHours":12.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.154311283792232,"endHours":13.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.154311283792232,"endHours":14.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.154311283792232,"endHours":15.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.154311283792232,"endHours":16.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.154311283792232,"endHours":17.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.154311283792232,"endHours":18.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.154311283792232,"endHours":19.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.154311283792232,"endHours":20.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.154311283792232,"endHours":21.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.154311283792232,"endHours":22.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.154311283792232,"endHours":23.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.154311283792232,"endHours":24.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.154311283792232,"endHours":25.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.154311283792232,"endHours":26.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.154311283792232,"endHours":27.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.154311283792232,"endHours":28.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.154311283792232,"endHours":29.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.154311283792232,"endHours":30.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":30.154311283792232,"endHours":31.154311283792232,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.955507287439723,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":23.8117}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"indore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 1997 CE · Indore, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 1997 CE for Indore, Madhya Pradesh: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:09, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1997-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1997-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1997-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1997-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1997-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T02:14:21.759Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T02:14:21.759Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T02:14:21.759Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}