{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:indore:1981-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1981-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444722.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856257.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.2016,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.1156,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.914,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.914},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":295.1156,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7823},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.3172},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444722.770833,"ahargana":1856257.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5921,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.083370000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":291.52097000000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.669},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":8.708669999999984,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":14.620169999999973,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":158.29347000000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":19.71026999999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":160.34807,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":106.5569,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":286.5569,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444722.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856257.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.2016,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.1156,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.914,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.914},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":295.1156,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7823},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.3172},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.669,"elongation":79.086},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.669,"opposition_distance":100.914}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:56","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":12.928029347826843,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:19","moonsetLocal":"12:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:15","startHours":15.63328783436638,"endHours":17.249291502844734,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:10","end":"10:47","startHours":9.169273160452958,"endHours":10.785276828931313,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:24","end":"14:01","startHours":12.401280497409669,"endHours":14.017284165888025,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:57","end":"09:23","startHours":8.953806004655844,"endHours":9.384740316250072,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:49","startHours":6.475933712989033,"endHours":6.820681162264415,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:50","startHours":11.97034618581544,"endHours":12.832214809003897,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:13","end":"05:05","startHours":4.213528577119335,"endHours":5.0753972003077905,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:52","end":"05:56","startHours":4.859930044510676,"endHours":5.937265823496247,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:33","end":"15:25","startHours":14.55595205538081,"endHours":15.417820678569267,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.66529517132309,"endHours":19.06529517132309,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:24","startHours":18.86529517132309,"endHours":19.403963060815876,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.61529517132309,"endHours":20.36529517132309,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:50","startHours":23.97034618581544,"endHours":24.832214809003897,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:56","end":"07:33","startHours":5.937265823496247,"endHours":7.553269491974603,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:33","end":"09:10","startHours":7.553269491974603,"endHours":9.169273160452958,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:10","end":"10:47","startHours":9.169273160452958,"endHours":10.785276828931313,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:47","end":"12:24","startHours":10.785276828931313,"endHours":12.401280497409669,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:24","end":"14:01","startHours":12.401280497409669,"endHours":14.017284165888025,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:01","end":"15:38","startHours":14.017284165888025,"endHours":15.63328783436638,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:38","end":"17:15","startHours":15.63328783436638,"endHours":17.249291502844734,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:15","end":"18:52","startHours":17.249291502844734,"endHours":18.86529517132309,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:52","end":"20:15","startHours":18.86529517132309,"endHours":20.249291502844734,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:15","end":"21:38","startHours":20.249291502844734,"endHours":21.633287834366378,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:38","end":"23:01","startHours":21.633287834366378,"endHours":23.017284165888025,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:01","end":"00:24","startHours":23.017284165888025,"endHours":24.40128049740967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:24","end":"01:47","startHours":24.40128049740967,"endHours":25.785276828931313,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:47","end":"03:10","startHours":25.785276828931313,"endHours":27.16927316045296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:10","end":"04:33","startHours":27.16927316045296,"endHours":28.553269491974604,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:33","end":"05:56","startHours":28.553269491974604,"endHours":29.937265823496247,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":5.937265823496247,"endHours":6.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.937265823496247,"endHours":7.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.937265823496247,"endHours":8.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.937265823496247,"endHours":9.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.937265823496247,"endHours":10.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.937265823496247,"endHours":11.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.937265823496247,"endHours":12.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.937265823496247,"endHours":13.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.937265823496247,"endHours":14.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.937265823496247,"endHours":15.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.937265823496247,"endHours":16.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.937265823496247,"endHours":17.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.937265823496247,"endHours":18.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.937265823496247,"endHours":19.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.937265823496247,"endHours":20.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.937265823496247,"endHours":21.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.937265823496247,"endHours":22.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.937265823496247,"endHours":23.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.937265823496247,"endHours":24.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.937265823496247,"endHours":25.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.937265823496247,"endHours":26.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.937265823496247,"endHours":27.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.937265823496247,"endHours":28.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.937265823496247,"endHours":29.937265823496247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.068951406372134,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":23.5921}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"indore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 1981 CE · Indore, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 1981 CE for Indore, Madhya Pradesh: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 05:56, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1981-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1981-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1981-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1981-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1981-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T16:22:20.640Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T16:22:20.640Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T16:22:20.640Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}