{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:indore:1901-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1901-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415415.770833,"kali_year":5002,"ahargana":1826950.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.2668,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":64.8498,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.5829,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5829},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":64.8498,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.5164},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":353.1166},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415415.770833,"ahargana":1826950.2708,"kali_year":5002,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4712,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.02001300000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":64.263713,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9333},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":139.323913,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":295.78761299999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":251.446413,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":267.081813,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":259.864013,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":219.3828,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":39.3828,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415415.770833,"kali_year":5002,"ahargana":1826950.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.2668,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":64.8498,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.5829,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5829},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":64.8498,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.5164},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":353.1166},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.933,"elongation":136.583},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.933,"opposition_distance":43.417}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"indore","name":"Indore, Madhya Pradesh","lat":22.7196,"lon":75.8577,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:07","sunsetLocal":"18:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":11.109214547870025,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:01","moonsetLocal":"04:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:03","end":"15:27","startHours":14.05696496084779,"endHours":15.44561677933154,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:07","end":"08:30","startHours":7.113705868429023,"endHours":8.502357686912777,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:53","end":"11:17","startHours":9.891009505396529,"endHours":11.279661323880283,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:42","end":"10:05","startHours":9.705855929598695,"endHours":10.076163081194363,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:35","end":"07:52","startHours":7.576589807923607,"endHours":7.872835529200142,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:02","startHours":12.298005990768367,"endHours":13.038620293959703,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:38","end":"06:22","startHours":5.632477262046353,"endHours":6.373091565237688,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:11","end":"07:07","startHours":6.187937989439854,"endHours":7.113705868429023,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:31","end":"15:16","startHours":14.519848900342373,"endHours":15.260463203533707,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:01","end":"18:25","startHours":18.022920416299048,"endHours":18.422920416299046,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:13","end":"18:41","startHours":18.222920416299047,"endHours":18.685804355793632,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:58","end":"19:43","startHours":17.972920416299047,"endHours":19.722920416299047,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:02","startHours":24.298005990768367,"endHours":25.038620293959703,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:07","end":"08:30","startHours":7.113705868429023,"endHours":8.502357686912777,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:53","startHours":8.502357686912777,"endHours":9.891009505396529,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:53","end":"11:17","startHours":9.891009505396529,"endHours":11.279661323880283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:17","end":"12:40","startHours":11.279661323880283,"endHours":12.668313142364035,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:40","end":"14:03","startHours":12.668313142364035,"endHours":14.05696496084779,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:03","end":"15:27","startHours":14.05696496084779,"endHours":15.44561677933154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:27","end":"16:50","startHours":15.44561677933154,"endHours":16.834268597815296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:50","end":"18:13","startHours":16.834268597815296,"endHours":18.222920416299047,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:13","end":"19:50","startHours":18.222920416299047,"endHours":19.834268597815296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:50","end":"21:27","startHours":19.834268597815296,"endHours":21.44561677933154,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:27","end":"23:03","startHours":21.44561677933154,"endHours":23.056964960847786,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:03","end":"00:40","startHours":23.056964960847786,"endHours":24.668313142364035,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:40","end":"02:17","startHours":24.668313142364035,"endHours":26.279661323880283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:17","end":"03:53","startHours":26.279661323880283,"endHours":27.89100950539653,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:53","end":"05:30","startHours":27.89100950539653,"endHours":29.502357686912774,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:07","startHours":29.502357686912774,"endHours":31.113705868429022,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.113705868429023,"endHours":8.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.113705868429022,"endHours":9.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.113705868429022,"endHours":10.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.113705868429022,"endHours":11.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.113705868429022,"endHours":12.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.113705868429022,"endHours":13.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.113705868429022,"endHours":14.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.113705868429022,"endHours":15.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.113705868429022,"endHours":16.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.113705868429022,"endHours":17.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.113705868429022,"endHours":18.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.113705868429022,"endHours":19.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.113705868429022,"endHours":20.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.113705868429022,"endHours":21.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.113705868429022,"endHours":22.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.113705868429022,"endHours":23.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.113705868429022,"endHours":24.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.113705868429022,"endHours":25.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.113705868429022,"endHours":26.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.113705868429022,"endHours":27.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.113705868429022,"endHours":28.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.113705868429022,"endHours":29.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.113705868429022,"endHours":30.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":30.113705868429022,"endHours":31.113705868429022,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-17.606483301280388,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":22.4712}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"indore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 1901 CE · Indore, Madhya Pradesh · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 1901 CE for Indore, Madhya Pradesh: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:07, sūryāsta 18:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1901-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1901-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1901-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1901-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/indore/1901-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T17:21:41.954Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T17:21:41.954Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T17:21:41.954Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}