{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:hubli:2002-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/hubli/2002-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452636.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864171.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.9443,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.6227,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.6784,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6784},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":176.6227,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2894},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":68.567},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452636.770833,"ahargana":1864171.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8948,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.223297,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":175.62309700000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.4765},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":203.10659699999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":271.97259699999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":113.21229700000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":206.05519700000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":60.74829699999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":47.2351,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":227.2351,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452636.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864171.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":251.9443,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.6227,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.6784,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.6784},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":176.6227,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.2894},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":68.567},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.476,"elongation":75.322},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.476,"opposition_distance":104.678}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-8,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.434,"opposition_distance":2.531}]},"city":{"slug":"hubli","name":"Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka","lat":15.3647,"lon":75.124,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Karnataka","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"hubli","name":"Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka","lat":15.3647,"lon":75.124,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Karnataka","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:55","sunsetLocal":"18:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":11.220207650252542,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 13 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 46 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:31","moonsetLocal":"13:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:43","end":"11:07","startHours":9.718133161841653,"endHours":11.120659118123221,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:56","end":"15:20","startHours":13.925711030686356,"endHours":15.328236986967925,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:55","end":"08:19","startHours":6.913081249278518,"endHours":8.315607205560086,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:54","startHours":9.531129701004112,"endHours":9.905136622679196,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:23","end":"07:41","startHours":7.380589901372374,"endHours":7.679795438712442,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:54","startHours":12.149178152729705,"endHours":12.897191996079874,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:25","end":"06:10","startHours":5.417053562578179,"endHours":6.165067405928348,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:59","end":"06:55","startHours":5.978063945090806,"endHours":6.913081249278518,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:24","end":"15:08","startHours":14.393219682780213,"endHours":15.141233526130382,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:56","end":"18:20","startHours":17.93328889953106,"endHours":18.33328889953106,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:08","end":"18:36","startHours":18.13328889953106,"endHours":18.600797551624915,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:53","end":"19:38","startHours":17.88328889953106,"endHours":19.63328889953106,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:54","startHours":24.149178152729704,"endHours":24.897191996079876,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:55","end":"08:19","startHours":6.913081249278518,"endHours":8.315607205560086,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:19","end":"09:43","startHours":8.315607205560086,"endHours":9.718133161841653,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:43","end":"11:07","startHours":9.718133161841653,"endHours":11.120659118123221,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:07","end":"12:31","startHours":11.120659118123221,"endHours":12.52318507440479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:31","end":"13:56","startHours":12.52318507440479,"endHours":13.925711030686356,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:56","end":"15:20","startHours":13.925711030686356,"endHours":15.328236986967925,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:20","end":"16:44","startHours":15.328236986967925,"endHours":16.73076294324949,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:08","startHours":16.73076294324949,"endHours":18.13328889953106,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:08","end":"19:44","startHours":18.13328889953106,"endHours":19.73076294324949,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:44","end":"21:20","startHours":19.73076294324949,"endHours":21.328236986967923,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:20","end":"22:56","startHours":21.328236986967923,"endHours":22.925711030686358,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:56","end":"00:31","startHours":22.925711030686358,"endHours":24.52318507440479,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:31","end":"02:07","startHours":24.52318507440479,"endHours":26.12065911812322,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:07","end":"03:43","startHours":26.12065911812322,"endHours":27.718133161841653,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:43","end":"05:19","startHours":27.718133161841653,"endHours":29.315607205560084,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:19","end":"06:55","startHours":29.315607205560084,"endHours":30.91308124927852,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:55","end":"07:55","startHours":6.913081249278518,"endHours":7.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:55","end":"08:55","startHours":7.913081249278518,"endHours":8.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:55","end":"09:55","startHours":8.913081249278518,"endHours":9.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:55","end":"10:55","startHours":9.913081249278518,"endHours":10.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:55","end":"11:55","startHours":10.913081249278518,"endHours":11.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:55","end":"12:55","startHours":11.913081249278518,"endHours":12.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:55","end":"13:55","startHours":12.913081249278518,"endHours":13.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:55","end":"14:55","startHours":13.913081249278518,"endHours":14.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:55","end":"15:55","startHours":14.913081249278518,"endHours":15.913081249278518,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:55","end":"16:55","startHours":15.913081249278518,"endHours":16.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:55","end":"17:55","startHours":16.91308124927852,"endHours":17.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:55","end":"18:55","startHours":17.91308124927852,"endHours":18.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:55","end":"19:55","startHours":18.91308124927852,"endHours":19.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:55","end":"20:55","startHours":19.91308124927852,"endHours":20.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:55","end":"21:55","startHours":20.91308124927852,"endHours":21.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:55","end":"22:55","startHours":21.91308124927852,"endHours":22.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:55","end":"23:55","startHours":22.91308124927852,"endHours":23.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:55","end":"00:55","startHours":23.91308124927852,"endHours":24.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:55","end":"01:55","startHours":24.91308124927852,"endHours":25.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:55","end":"02:55","startHours":25.91308124927852,"endHours":26.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:55","end":"03:55","startHours":26.91308124927852,"endHours":27.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:55","end":"04:55","startHours":27.91308124927852,"endHours":28.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:55","end":"05:55","startHours":28.91308124927852,"endHours":29.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:55","end":"06:55","startHours":29.91308124927852,"endHours":30.91308124927852,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.295109612472938,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":23.8948}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"hubli"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 2002 CE · Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 2002 CE for Hubli-Dharwad, Karnataka: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:55, sūryāsta 18:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/hubli/2002-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/hubli/2002-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/hubli/2002-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/hubli/2002-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/hubli/2002-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T17:44:58.250Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-23T17:44:58.250Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-23T17:44:58.250Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}