{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2145-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2145-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2145-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2145 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2145,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2504716.770833,"kali_year":5247,"ahargana":1916251.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.3618,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.4675,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.1057,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1057},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.4675,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.4675},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.8292},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2145,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2504716.770833,"ahargana":1916251.2708,"kali_year":5247,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.8866,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.23165800000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":242.25705800000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3599},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":110.12755800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":82.27905800000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":109.65995800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":69.290258,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":5.058058000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":167.786,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":347.786,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2145,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2504716.770833,"kali_year":5247,"ahargana":1916251.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.3618,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":243.4675,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.1057,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1057},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":243.4675,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.4675},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.8292},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.36,"elongation":142.106},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.36,"opposition_distance":37.894}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:08","sunsetLocal":"18:18","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.178779675454859,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 10 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 49 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:42","moonsetLocal":"02:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:25","end":"10:04","startHours":8.422254656342133,"endHours":10.06960211577399,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:22","end":"15:01","startHours":13.364297034637705,"endHours":15.01164449406956,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:08","end":"06:46","startHours":5.1275597374784185,"endHours":6.774907196910275,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:12","end":"08:39","startHours":8.202608328417885,"endHours":8.641900984266382,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:41","end":"06:02","startHours":5.6766755572890375,"endHours":6.028109681967834,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:17","end":"12:09","startHours":11.277656919357351,"endHours":12.156242231054343,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:22","end":"04:15","startHours":3.3703891140844373,"endHours":4.248974425781428,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:02","end":"05:08","startHours":4.02932809785718,"endHours":5.1275597374784185,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:48","startHours":13.913412854448325,"endHours":14.791998166145316,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:06","end":"18:30","startHours":18.106339412933277,"endHours":18.506339412933276,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:18","end":"18:51","startHours":18.306339412933276,"endHours":18.855455232743896,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:48","startHours":18.056339412933276,"endHours":19.806339412933276,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:17","end":"00:09","startHours":23.27765691935735,"endHours":24.15624223105434,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:08","end":"06:46","startHours":5.1275597374784185,"endHours":6.774907196910275,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:46","end":"08:25","startHours":6.774907196910275,"endHours":8.422254656342133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:25","end":"10:04","startHours":8.422254656342133,"endHours":10.06960211577399,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.06960211577399,"endHours":11.716949575205849,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:43","end":"13:22","startHours":11.716949575205849,"endHours":13.364297034637705,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:22","end":"15:01","startHours":13.364297034637705,"endHours":15.01164449406956,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:01","end":"16:40","startHours":15.01164449406956,"endHours":16.65899195350142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:40","end":"18:18","startHours":16.65899195350142,"endHours":18.306339412933276,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:18","end":"19:40","startHours":18.306339412933276,"endHours":19.65899195350142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:40","end":"21:01","startHours":19.65899195350142,"endHours":21.01164449406956,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:01","end":"22:22","startHours":21.01164449406956,"endHours":22.364297034637705,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:22","end":"23:43","startHours":22.364297034637705,"endHours":23.716949575205845,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:43","end":"01:04","startHours":23.716949575205845,"endHours":25.06960211577399,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:04","end":"02:25","startHours":25.06960211577399,"endHours":26.422254656342133,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:25","end":"03:46","startHours":26.422254656342133,"endHours":27.774907196910277,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:46","end":"05:08","startHours":27.774907196910277,"endHours":29.127559737478418,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":5.1275597374784185,"endHours":6.1275597374784185,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.1275597374784185,"endHours":7.1275597374784185,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.1275597374784185,"endHours":8.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.127559737478418,"endHours":9.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.127559737478418,"endHours":10.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.127559737478418,"endHours":11.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.127559737478418,"endHours":12.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.127559737478418,"endHours":13.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.127559737478418,"endHours":14.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.127559737478418,"endHours":15.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.127559737478418,"endHours":16.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.127559737478418,"endHours":17.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.127559737478418,"endHours":18.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.127559737478418,"endHours":19.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.127559737478418,"endHours":20.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.127559737478418,"endHours":21.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.127559737478418,"endHours":22.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.127559737478418,"endHours":23.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.127559737478418,"endHours":24.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.127559737478418,"endHours":25.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.127559737478418,"endHours":26.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.127559737478418,"endHours":27.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.127559737478418,"endHours":28.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.127559737478418,"endHours":29.127559737478418,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.234771820967293,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":25.8866}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2202,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":2067,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1552,"malayalam_era":1321,"nanakshahi_year":676,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa (Adhika) Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":true,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":true,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa (Adhika) Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2202 Kālayukta · Śaka 2067 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2145 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2145 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:08, sūryāsta 18:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2145-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2145-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2145-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2145-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2145-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T00:41:49.942Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T00:41:49.942Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T00:41:49.942Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}