{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2102-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2102-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2102-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2102 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2102,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2488858.770833,"kali_year":5203,"ahargana":1900393.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":314.6548,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.3765,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":133.7217,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7217},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":88.3765,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.3765},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":43.0313},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2102,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2488858.770833,"ahargana":1900393.2708,"kali_year":5203,"ayanamsa_lahiri":25.2801,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":314.74445000000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":89.89925,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.5113},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":54.241250000000036,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":300.39805,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":235.92215,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":266.56185000000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":203.98694999999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":288.0192,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":108.0192,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2102,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2488858.770833,"kali_year":5203,"ahargana":1900393.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":314.6548,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.3765,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":133.7217,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7217},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":88.3765,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.3765},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":43.0313},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.511,"elongation":133.722},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.511,"opposition_distance":46.278}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"17:41","solarNoonLocal":"11:50","dayLengthHours":11.685306837978459,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 41 Mins 07 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 18 Mins 53 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:11","moonsetLocal":"03:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:50","end":"13:18","startHours":11.833145669285244,"endHours":13.293809024032551,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:27","end":"08:55","startHours":7.451155605043321,"endHours":8.91181895979063,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:22","end":"11:50","startHours":10.372482314537937,"endHours":11.833145669285244,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:43","end":"09:06","startHours":8.71706384582432,"endHours":9.106574073756937,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:47","startHours":6.477380035211783,"endHours":6.7889882175578755,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:27","end":"12:13","startHours":11.44363544135263,"endHours":12.222655897217859,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:13","startHours":4.432451338565553,"endHours":5.211471794430783,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:01","end":"05:59","startHours":5.016716680464476,"endHours":5.990492250296014,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:47","end":"14:34","startHours":13.78069680894832,"endHours":14.559717264813552,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:29","end":"17:53","startHours":17.475799088274474,"endHours":17.875799088274473,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:41","end":"18:10","startHours":17.675799088274474,"endHours":18.162686873190243,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:26","end":"19:11","startHours":17.425799088274474,"endHours":19.175799088274474,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:27","end":"00:13","startHours":23.44363544135263,"endHours":24.22265589721786,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:59","end":"07:27","startHours":5.990492250296014,"endHours":7.451155605043321,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:27","end":"08:55","startHours":7.451155605043321,"endHours":8.91181895979063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:55","end":"10:22","startHours":8.91181895979063,"endHours":10.372482314537937,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:22","end":"11:50","startHours":10.372482314537937,"endHours":11.833145669285244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:50","end":"13:18","startHours":11.833145669285244,"endHours":13.293809024032551,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:18","end":"14:45","startHours":13.293809024032551,"endHours":14.754472378779859,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:45","end":"16:13","startHours":14.754472378779859,"endHours":16.215135733527166,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:13","end":"17:41","startHours":16.215135733527166,"endHours":17.675799088274474,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:41","end":"19:13","startHours":17.675799088274474,"endHours":19.215135733527166,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:13","end":"20:45","startHours":19.215135733527166,"endHours":20.75447237877986,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:45","end":"22:18","startHours":20.75447237877986,"endHours":22.29380902403255,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:18","end":"23:50","startHours":22.29380902403255,"endHours":23.833145669285244,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:50","end":"01:22","startHours":23.833145669285244,"endHours":25.372482314537937,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:22","end":"02:55","startHours":25.372482314537937,"endHours":26.91181895979063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:55","end":"04:27","startHours":26.91181895979063,"endHours":28.451155605043322,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:27","end":"05:59","startHours":28.451155605043322,"endHours":29.990492250296015,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.990492250296014,"endHours":6.990492250296014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.990492250296014,"endHours":7.990492250296014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.990492250296014,"endHours":8.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.990492250296015,"endHours":9.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.990492250296015,"endHours":10.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.990492250296015,"endHours":11.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.990492250296015,"endHours":12.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.990492250296015,"endHours":13.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.990492250296015,"endHours":14.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.990492250296015,"endHours":15.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.990492250296015,"endHours":16.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.990492250296015,"endHours":17.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.990492250296015,"endHours":18.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.990492250296015,"endHours":19.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.990492250296015,"endHours":20.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.990492250296015,"endHours":21.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.990492250296015,"endHours":22.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.990492250296015,"endHours":23.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.990492250296015,"endHours":24.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.990492250296015,"endHours":25.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.990492250296015,"endHours":26.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.990492250296015,"endHours":27.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.990492250296015,"endHours":28.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.990492250296015,"endHours":29.990492250296015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.809067180732841,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":25.2801}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2159,"vikram_samvatsara":"Yuva","saka_samvat":2024,"saka_samvatsara":"Dundubhi","bengali_samvat":1509,"malayalam_era":1278,"nanakshahi_year":633,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2159 Yuva · Śaka 2024 Dundubhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2102 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2102 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 17:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2102-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2102-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2102-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2102-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2102-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T14:24:52.842Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T14:24:52.842Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T14:24:52.842Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}