{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2030-08-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2030-08-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2030-08-28","date_display":"August 28, 2030 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2030,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462741.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874276.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":129.7807,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":117.738,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.9574,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9574},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":117.738,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0714},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":247.5187},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2030,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462741.770833,"ahargana":1874276.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2812,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.52491099999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":119.22541100000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1075},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":103.03301099999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":133.605211,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":206.33361100000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":115.953711,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.040910999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.8235,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.8235,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2030,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462741.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874276.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":129.7807,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":117.738,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.9574,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9574},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":117.738,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0714},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":247.5187},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.108,"elongation":12.043},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.108,"opposition_distance":167.957}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:18","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"11:38","dayLengthHours":12.669085318395986,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 40 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 19 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:27","moonsetLocal":"17:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:38","end":"13:13","startHours":11.629268812016402,"endHours":13.2129044768159,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:53","end":"08:28","startHours":6.878361817617908,"endHours":8.461997482417406,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:03","end":"11:38","startHours":10.045633147216904,"endHours":11.629268812016402,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:40","startHours":8.25084606044414,"endHours":8.673148904390674,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:49","end":"06:10","startHours":5.822604707751577,"endHours":6.160446982908803,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:12","end":"12:03","startHours":11.20696596806987,"endHours":12.051571655962935,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:36","end":"04:27","startHours":3.605514777032279,"endHours":4.4501204649253445,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:14","end":"05:18","startHours":4.238969042952078,"endHours":5.29472615281841,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:44","end":"14:35","startHours":13.740783031749068,"endHours":14.585388719642134,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.763811471214396,"endHours":18.163811471214395,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:30","startHours":17.963811471214395,"endHours":18.491690026147563,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.713811471214395,"endHours":19.463811471214395,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:12","end":"00:03","startHours":23.20696596806987,"endHours":24.051571655962935,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:18","end":"06:53","startHours":5.29472615281841,"endHours":6.878361817617908,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:53","end":"08:28","startHours":6.878361817617908,"endHours":8.461997482417406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:28","end":"10:03","startHours":8.461997482417406,"endHours":10.045633147216904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:03","end":"11:38","startHours":10.045633147216904,"endHours":11.629268812016402,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:38","end":"13:13","startHours":11.629268812016402,"endHours":13.2129044768159,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:13","end":"14:48","startHours":13.2129044768159,"endHours":14.796540141615399,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:48","end":"16:23","startHours":14.796540141615399,"endHours":16.380175806414897,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:23","end":"17:58","startHours":16.380175806414897,"endHours":17.963811471214395,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:58","end":"19:23","startHours":17.963811471214395,"endHours":19.380175806414897,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:23","end":"20:48","startHours":19.380175806414897,"endHours":20.7965401416154,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:48","end":"22:13","startHours":20.7965401416154,"endHours":22.2129044768159,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:13","end":"23:38","startHours":22.2129044768159,"endHours":23.629268812016402,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:38","end":"01:03","startHours":23.629268812016402,"endHours":25.045633147216904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:03","end":"02:28","startHours":25.045633147216904,"endHours":26.461997482417406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:28","end":"03:53","startHours":26.461997482417406,"endHours":27.878361817617908,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:53","end":"05:18","startHours":27.878361817617908,"endHours":29.29472615281841,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":5.29472615281841,"endHours":6.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.29472615281841,"endHours":7.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.29472615281841,"endHours":8.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.29472615281841,"endHours":9.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.29472615281841,"endHours":10.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.29472615281841,"endHours":11.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.29472615281841,"endHours":12.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.29472615281841,"endHours":13.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.29472615281841,"endHours":14.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.29472615281841,"endHours":15.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.29472615281841,"endHours":16.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.29472615281841,"endHours":17.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.29472615281841,"endHours":18.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.29472615281841,"endHours":19.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.29472615281841,"endHours":20.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.29472615281841,"endHours":21.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.29472615281841,"endHours":22.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.29472615281841,"endHours":23.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.29472615281841,"endHours":24.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.29472615281841,"endHours":25.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.29472615281841,"endHours":26.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.29472615281841,"endHours":27.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.29472615281841,"endHours":28.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.29472615281841,"endHours":29.29472615281841,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":9.747579077797083,"eotMinutes":-0.8105287209842176,"ayanamsa":24.2812}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2087,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rudhirodgāri","saka_samvat":1952,"saka_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1437,"malayalam_era":1206,"nanakshahi_year":561,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2087 Rudhirodgāri · Śaka 1952 Sādhāraṇa"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 28, 2030 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 28, 2030 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:18, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2030-08-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2030-08-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2030-08-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2030-08-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2030-08-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:54:09.399Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:54:09.399Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:54:09.399Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}