{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2029-07-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2029-07-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2029-07-25","date_display":"July 25, 2029 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2029,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462342.770833,"kali_year":5131,"ahargana":1873877.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":97.5794,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.9404,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":175.361,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.361},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":272.9404,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.2738},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":10.5199},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2029,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462342.770833,"ahargana":1873877.2708,"kali_year":5131,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.266,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":98.14345600000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.720056,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.5359},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":177.55045599999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":113.58425599999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":175.67715599999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":129.55625600000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":29.086955999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":252.9645,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":72.9645,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2029,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462342.770833,"kali_year":5131,"ahargana":1873877.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":97.5794,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":272.9404,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":175.361,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.361},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":272.9404,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.2738},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":10.5199},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.536,"elongation":175.361},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.536,"opposition_distance":4.639}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:05","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.2668751352439,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 16 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 43 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:51","moonsetLocal":"04:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:43","end":"13:23","startHours":11.718720852207504,"endHours":13.377080244112992,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:45","end":"08:24","startHours":6.74364267649104,"endHours":8.402002068396527,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.060361460302016,"endHours":11.718720852207504,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:11","end":"08:37","startHours":8.18088748280913,"endHours":8.623116653983926,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:38","end":"06:00","startHours":5.638069748554049,"endHours":5.9918530854938865,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:17","end":"12:10","startHours":11.276491681032708,"endHours":12.1609500233823,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:19","end":"04:12","startHours":3.3163665998863663,"endHours":4.200824942235959,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:59","end":"05:05","startHours":3.979710356648561,"endHours":5.085283284585553,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:49","startHours":13.929866708081487,"endHours":14.81432505043108,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.152158419829455,"endHours":18.552158419829453,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:54","startHours":18.352158419829454,"endHours":18.90494488379795,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.102158419829454,"endHours":19.852158419829454,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:17","end":"00:10","startHours":23.276491681032706,"endHours":24.160950023382302,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:05","end":"06:45","startHours":5.085283284585553,"endHours":6.74364267649104,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:45","end":"08:24","startHours":6.74364267649104,"endHours":8.402002068396527,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"10:04","startHours":8.402002068396527,"endHours":10.060361460302016,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.060361460302016,"endHours":11.718720852207504,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:43","end":"13:23","startHours":11.718720852207504,"endHours":13.377080244112992,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:23","end":"15:02","startHours":13.377080244112992,"endHours":15.035439636018477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:02","end":"16:42","startHours":15.035439636018477,"endHours":16.693799027923966,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:42","end":"18:21","startHours":16.693799027923966,"endHours":18.352158419829454,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:21","end":"19:42","startHours":18.352158419829454,"endHours":19.693799027923966,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:42","end":"21:02","startHours":19.693799027923966,"endHours":21.03543963601848,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:02","end":"22:23","startHours":21.03543963601848,"endHours":22.377080244112992,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:23","end":"23:43","startHours":22.377080244112992,"endHours":23.718720852207504,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:43","end":"01:04","startHours":23.718720852207504,"endHours":25.060361460302016,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:04","end":"02:24","startHours":25.060361460302016,"endHours":26.402002068396527,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:24","end":"03:45","startHours":26.402002068396527,"endHours":27.743642676491042,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:45","end":"05:05","startHours":27.743642676491042,"endHours":29.085283284585554,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":5.085283284585553,"endHours":6.085283284585553,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":6.085283284585553,"endHours":7.085283284585553,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.085283284585553,"endHours":8.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.085283284585554,"endHours":9.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.085283284585554,"endHours":10.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.085283284585554,"endHours":11.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.085283284585554,"endHours":12.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.085283284585554,"endHours":13.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.085283284585554,"endHours":14.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.085283284585554,"endHours":15.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.085283284585554,"endHours":16.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.085283284585554,"endHours":17.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.085283284585554,"endHours":18.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.085283284585554,"endHours":19.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.085283284585554,"endHours":20.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.085283284585554,"endHours":21.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.085283284585554,"endHours":22.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.085283284585554,"endHours":23.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.085283284585554,"endHours":24.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.085283284585554,"endHours":25.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.085283284585554,"endHours":26.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.085283284585554,"endHours":27.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.085283284585554,"endHours":28.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.085283284585554,"endHours":29.085283284585554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.620064331924382,"eotMinutes":-6.177651132450234,"ayanamsa":24.266}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2086,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dundubhi","saka_samvat":1951,"saka_samvatsara":"Saumya","bengali_samvat":1436,"malayalam_era":1205,"nanakshahi_year":560,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2086 Dundubhi · Śaka 1951 Saumya"},"festivals":[{"id":"raksha-bandhana","name":"Rakṣā Bandhana / Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"रक्षा बन्धन","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sister-brother bond; Brāhmaṇa Upākarma.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jhulan-purnima","name":"Jhūlan Pūrṇimā (Rādhā-Krishna swing)","name_sanskrit":"झूलन पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rādhā-Krishna","significance":"Rādhā-Krishna swing-līlā festival; Jhūlan-yātrā culmination.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-rigveda","name":"Ṛg-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"ऋग्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","associated_deity":"Ṛṣi-paramparā","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Ṛg-Vedīs. Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-yajurveda","name":"Yajur-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"यजुर्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Yajur-Vedīs.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"hayagriva-jayanti","name":"Hayagrīva Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"हयग्रीव जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Hayagrīva (Knowledge-form of Bhagavān)","significance":"Bhagavān as Hayagrīva restored the Vedas to Brahmā. Vidyā-pradāyaka.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Devī-Bhāgavata, Hayagrīva-stotra"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 25, 2029 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 25, 2029 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:05, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2029-07-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2029-07-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2029-07-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2029-07-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2029-07-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:36:44.772Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:36:44.772Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:36:44.772Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}