{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2027-07-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-07-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2027-07-13","date_display":"July 13, 2027 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461599.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873134.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":85.7492,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":200.5387,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":114.7895,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7895},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":200.5387,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.5387},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":286.288},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461599.770833,"ahargana":1873134.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2376,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":86.22724399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.440744,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4978},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":154.170344,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":65.49444399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":122.923944,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":77.603744,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":3.0124440000000163,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":292.3322,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":112.3322,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461599.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873134.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":85.7492,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":200.5387,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":114.7895,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7895},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":200.5387,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.5387},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":286.288},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.498,"elongation":114.789},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.498,"opposition_distance":65.211}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:00","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:42","dayLengthHours":13.414360750815785,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:58","moonsetLocal":"01:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:04","end":"16:44","startHours":15.058707335139957,"endHours":16.73550242899193,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:21","end":"10:02","startHours":8.351526959732066,"endHours":10.028322053584038,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.705117147436011,"endHours":13.381912241287985,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:08","end":"08:35","startHours":8.127954280551801,"endHours":8.575099638912327,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:33","end":"05:55","startHours":5.5568684699787765,"endHours":5.914584756667198,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:15","end":"12:09","startHours":11.257971789075485,"endHours":12.152262505796537,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:13","end":"04:06","startHours":3.2093553385860143,"endHours":4.103646055307067,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:53","end":"05:00","startHours":3.880073376126804,"endHours":4.997936772028119,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:50","startHours":13.940843939238642,"endHours":14.835134655959694,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.212297522843905,"endHours":18.612297522843903,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:58","startHours":18.412297522843904,"endHours":18.971229220794562,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.162297522843904,"endHours":19.912297522843904,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:15","end":"00:09","startHours":23.257971789075487,"endHours":24.15226250579654,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:00","end":"06:40","startHours":4.997936772028119,"endHours":6.6747318658800925,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:40","end":"08:21","startHours":6.6747318658800925,"endHours":8.351526959732066,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:21","end":"10:02","startHours":8.351526959732066,"endHours":10.028322053584038,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:02","end":"11:42","startHours":10.028322053584038,"endHours":11.705117147436011,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.705117147436011,"endHours":13.381912241287985,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:23","end":"15:04","startHours":13.381912241287985,"endHours":15.058707335139957,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:04","end":"16:44","startHours":15.058707335139957,"endHours":16.73550242899193,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:44","end":"18:25","startHours":16.73550242899193,"endHours":18.412297522843904,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:25","end":"19:44","startHours":18.412297522843904,"endHours":19.735502428991932,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:44","end":"21:04","startHours":19.735502428991932,"endHours":21.058707335139957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:04","end":"22:23","startHours":21.058707335139957,"endHours":22.381912241287985,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:23","end":"23:42","startHours":22.381912241287985,"endHours":23.705117147436013,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:42","end":"01:02","startHours":23.705117147436013,"endHours":25.028322053584038,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:02","end":"02:21","startHours":25.028322053584038,"endHours":26.351526959732066,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:21","end":"03:40","startHours":26.351526959732066,"endHours":27.67473186588009,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:40","end":"05:00","startHours":27.67473186588009,"endHours":28.99793677202812,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":4.997936772028119,"endHours":5.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":5.997936772028119,"endHours":6.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":6.997936772028119,"endHours":7.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":7.997936772028119,"endHours":8.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":8.997936772028119,"endHours":9.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":9.997936772028119,"endHours":10.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":10.997936772028119,"endHours":11.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":11.997936772028119,"endHours":12.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":12.997936772028119,"endHours":13.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":13.997936772028119,"endHours":14.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":14.997936772028119,"endHours":15.997936772028119,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":15.997936772028119,"endHours":16.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":16.99793677202812,"endHours":17.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":17.99793677202812,"endHours":18.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":18.99793677202812,"endHours":19.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":19.99793677202812,"endHours":20.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":20.99793677202812,"endHours":21.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":21.99793677202812,"endHours":22.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":22.99793677202812,"endHours":23.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":23.99793677202812,"endHours":24.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":24.99793677202812,"endHours":25.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":25.99793677202812,"endHours":26.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":26.99793677202812,"endHours":27.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":27.99793677202812,"endHours":28.99793677202812,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.877928342552806,"eotMinutes":-5.361428846160681,"ayanamsa":24.2376}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2084,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raudra","saka_samvat":1949,"saka_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","bengali_samvat":1434,"malayalam_era":1203,"nanakshahi_year":558,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2084 Raudra · Śaka 1949 Plavaṅga"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 13, 2027 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 13, 2027 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:00, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-07-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-07-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-07-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-07-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-07-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:34:26.307Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:34:26.307Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T17:34:26.307Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}