{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2027-03-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-03-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2027-03-13","date_display":"March 13, 2027 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":3,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461477.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1873012.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":328.1085,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.3192,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":57.2106,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2106},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.3192,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9859},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":353.4277},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2027,"month":3,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461477.770833,"ahargana":1873012.2708,"kali_year":5128,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2329,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":327.99690499999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":24.05010500000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4917},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":118.728005,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":300.45440499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":114.023505,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":289.422605,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.308405,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":298.7963,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":118.7963,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":3,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461477.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1873012.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":328.1085,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":25.3192,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":57.2106,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2106},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":25.3192,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9859},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":353.4277},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.492,"elongation":57.211},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.492,"opposition_distance":122.789}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-20,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.791,"opposition_distance":1.992}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:49","sunsetLocal":"17:46","solarNoonLocal":"11:47","dayLengthHours":11.949259258481742,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 56 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 03 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:59","moonsetLocal":"22:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:48","end":"10:18","startHours":8.798743850859712,"endHours":10.292401258169928,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:17","end":"14:46","startHours":13.279716072790364,"endHours":14.773373480100581,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:49","end":"07:18","startHours":5.811429036239275,"endHours":7.305086443549493,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:36","end":"09:00","startHours":8.599589529885016,"endHours":8.997898171834407,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:19","end":"06:38","startHours":6.3093148386760145,"endHours":6.627961752235528,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:23","end":"12:11","startHours":11.387750023530755,"endHours":12.184367307429538,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:13","end":"05:01","startHours":4.218194468441709,"endHours":5.014811752340492,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:49","end":"05:49","startHours":4.815657431365796,"endHours":5.811429036239275,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:47","end":"14:34","startHours":13.777601875227104,"endHours":14.574219159125887,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:34","end":"17:58","startHours":17.560688294721018,"endHours":17.960688294721017,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:46","end":"18:16","startHours":17.760688294721017,"endHours":18.258574097157755,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:16","startHours":17.510688294721017,"endHours":19.260688294721017,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:23","end":"00:11","startHours":23.387750023530756,"endHours":24.18436730742954,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:49","end":"07:18","startHours":5.811429036239275,"endHours":7.305086443549493,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:18","end":"08:48","startHours":7.305086443549493,"endHours":8.798743850859712,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:48","end":"10:18","startHours":8.798743850859712,"endHours":10.292401258169928,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:18","end":"11:47","startHours":10.292401258169928,"endHours":11.786058665480146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:47","end":"13:17","startHours":11.786058665480146,"endHours":13.279716072790364,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:17","end":"14:46","startHours":13.279716072790364,"endHours":14.773373480100581,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:46","end":"16:16","startHours":14.773373480100581,"endHours":16.267030887410797,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:16","end":"17:46","startHours":16.267030887410797,"endHours":17.760688294721017,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:46","end":"19:16","startHours":17.760688294721017,"endHours":19.2670308874108,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:16","end":"20:46","startHours":19.2670308874108,"endHours":20.77337348010058,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:46","end":"22:17","startHours":20.77337348010058,"endHours":22.279716072790364,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:17","end":"23:47","startHours":22.279716072790364,"endHours":23.786058665480148,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:47","end":"01:18","startHours":23.786058665480148,"endHours":25.292401258169928,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:18","end":"02:48","startHours":25.292401258169928,"endHours":26.79874385085971,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:48","end":"04:18","startHours":26.79874385085971,"endHours":28.30508644354949,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:18","end":"05:49","startHours":28.30508644354949,"endHours":29.811429036239275,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:49","end":"06:49","startHours":5.811429036239275,"endHours":6.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:49","end":"07:49","startHours":6.811429036239275,"endHours":7.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:49","end":"08:49","startHours":7.811429036239275,"endHours":8.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:49","end":"09:49","startHours":8.811429036239275,"endHours":9.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:49","end":"10:49","startHours":9.811429036239275,"endHours":10.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:49","end":"11:49","startHours":10.811429036239275,"endHours":11.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:49","end":"12:49","startHours":11.811429036239275,"endHours":12.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:49","end":"13:49","startHours":12.811429036239275,"endHours":13.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:49","end":"14:49","startHours":13.811429036239275,"endHours":14.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:49","end":"15:49","startHours":14.811429036239275,"endHours":15.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:49","end":"16:49","startHours":15.811429036239275,"endHours":16.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:49","end":"17:49","startHours":16.811429036239275,"endHours":17.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:49","end":"18:49","startHours":17.811429036239275,"endHours":18.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:49","end":"19:49","startHours":18.811429036239275,"endHours":19.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:49","end":"20:49","startHours":19.811429036239275,"endHours":20.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:49","end":"21:49","startHours":20.811429036239275,"endHours":21.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:49","end":"22:49","startHours":21.811429036239275,"endHours":22.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:49","end":"23:49","startHours":22.811429036239275,"endHours":23.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:49","end":"00:49","startHours":23.811429036239275,"endHours":24.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:49","end":"01:49","startHours":24.811429036239275,"endHours":25.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:49","end":"02:49","startHours":25.811429036239275,"endHours":26.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:49","end":"03:49","startHours":26.811429036239275,"endHours":27.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:49","end":"04:49","startHours":27.811429036239275,"endHours":28.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:49","end":"05:49","startHours":28.811429036239275,"endHours":29.811429036239275,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-3.082481192424626,"eotMinutes":-10.217919928808794,"ayanamsa":24.2329}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2084,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raudra","saka_samvat":1949,"saka_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","bengali_samvat":1434,"malayalam_era":1203,"nanakshahi_year":558,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2084 Raudra · Śaka 1949 Plavaṅga"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 13, 2027 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 13, 2027 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:49, sūryāsta 17:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-03-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-03-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-03-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-03-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2027-03-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:40:13.858Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:40:13.858Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:40:13.858Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}