{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2026-03-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-03-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-03-17","date_display":"March 17, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":3,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461116.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872651.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.3567,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.1527,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":333.796,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.796},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":306.1527,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.8193},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":278.5093},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":55,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":3,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461116.770833,"ahargana":1872651.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2191,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.239098,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.75259800000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.9171},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":316.748298,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":314.715198,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":80.75879800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":348.587098,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":339.550398,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":317.9238,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":137.9238,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":3,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461116.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872651.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.3567,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.1527,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":333.796,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.796},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":306.1527,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.8193},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":278.5093},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":55,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.917,"elongation":26.204},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.917,"opposition_distance":153.796}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":2,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.168,"elongation":1.468}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:45","sunsetLocal":"17:47","solarNoonLocal":"11:46","dayLengthHours":12.042191701206349,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:20","moonsetLocal":"15:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:47","end":"16:17","startHours":14.777371948505298,"endHours":16.28264591115609,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:45","end":"10:16","startHours":8.756276097902123,"endHours":10.261550060552917,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:46","end":"13:16","startHours":11.76682402320371,"endHours":13.272097985854504,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:57","startHours":8.555572902882016,"endHours":8.956979292922227,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:15","end":"06:34","startHours":6.2474861601508,"endHours":6.568611272182969,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:22","end":"12:10","startHours":11.3654176331635,"endHours":12.168230413243922,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:08","end":"04:57","startHours":4.140102612439689,"endHours":4.942915392520112,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":4.742212197500006,"endHours":5.745728172600535,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:35","startHours":13.773855973404768,"endHours":14.57666875348519,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:35","end":"17:59","startHours":17.587919873806886,"endHours":17.987919873806884,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:47","end":"18:17","startHours":17.787919873806885,"endHours":18.28967786135715,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:32","end":"19:17","startHours":17.537919873806885,"endHours":19.287919873806885,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:22","end":"00:10","startHours":23.3654176331635,"endHours":24.168230413243922,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:45","end":"07:15","startHours":5.745728172600535,"endHours":7.251002135251329,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:15","end":"08:45","startHours":7.251002135251329,"endHours":8.756276097902123,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:45","end":"10:16","startHours":8.756276097902123,"endHours":10.261550060552917,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:16","end":"11:46","startHours":10.261550060552917,"endHours":11.76682402320371,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:46","end":"13:16","startHours":11.76682402320371,"endHours":13.272097985854504,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:16","end":"14:47","startHours":13.272097985854504,"endHours":14.777371948505298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:47","end":"16:17","startHours":14.777371948505298,"endHours":16.28264591115609,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:17","end":"17:47","startHours":16.28264591115609,"endHours":17.787919873806885,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:47","end":"19:17","startHours":17.787919873806885,"endHours":19.28264591115609,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:17","end":"20:47","startHours":19.28264591115609,"endHours":20.777371948505298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:47","end":"22:16","startHours":20.777371948505298,"endHours":22.272097985854504,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:16","end":"23:46","startHours":22.272097985854504,"endHours":23.76682402320371,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:46","end":"01:16","startHours":23.76682402320371,"endHours":25.261550060552917,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:16","end":"02:45","startHours":25.261550060552917,"endHours":26.756276097902123,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:45","end":"04:15","startHours":26.756276097902123,"endHours":28.25100213525133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:15","end":"05:45","startHours":28.25100213525133,"endHours":29.745728172600536,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":5.745728172600535,"endHours":6.745728172600535,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.745728172600535,"endHours":7.745728172600535,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.745728172600535,"endHours":8.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.745728172600536,"endHours":9.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.745728172600536,"endHours":10.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.745728172600536,"endHours":11.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.745728172600536,"endHours":12.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.745728172600536,"endHours":13.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.745728172600536,"endHours":14.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.745728172600536,"endHours":15.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.745728172600536,"endHours":16.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.745728172600536,"endHours":17.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.745728172600536,"endHours":18.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.745728172600536,"endHours":19.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.745728172600536,"endHours":20.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.745728172600536,"endHours":21.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.745728172600536,"endHours":22.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.745728172600536,"endHours":23.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.745728172600536,"endHours":24.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.745728172600536,"endHours":25.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.745728172600536,"endHours":26.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.745728172600536,"endHours":27.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.745728172600536,"endHours":28.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.745728172600536,"endHours":29.745728172600536,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-1.4079343325431934,"eotMinutes":-9.063841392222612,"ayanamsa":24.2191}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 17, 2026 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 17, 2026 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:45, sūryāsta 17:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-03-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-03-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-03-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-03-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-03-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:20:36.855Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:20:36.855Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:20:36.855Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}