{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2026-01-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-01-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-01-29","date_display":"January 29, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461069.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872604.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.8474,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":54.675,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":129.8276,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.8276},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":54.675,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3417},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":339.5224},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461069.770833,"ahargana":1872604.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2173,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.913894,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":52.651094,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4875},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":279.802494,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.72129399999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":83.32849399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":289.90249399999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":334.2249939999999,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":320.4141,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":140.4141,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461069.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872604.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.8474,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":54.675,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":129.8276,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.8276},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":54.675,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.3417},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":339.5224},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.488,"elongation":129.828},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.488,"opposition_distance":50.172}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:17","sunsetLocal":"17:23","solarNoonLocal":"11:50","dayLengthHours":11.093137911364236,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:38","moonsetLocal":"03:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:13","end":"14:37","startHours":13.221937605132432,"endHours":14.608579844052962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:17","end":"07:41","startHours":6.288726410529785,"endHours":7.675368649450315,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:04","end":"10:27","startHours":9.062010888370844,"endHours":10.448653127291372,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:53","end":"09:15","startHours":8.877125256514773,"endHours":9.246896520226915,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:03","startHours":6.7509404901699614,"endHours":7.046757501139674,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:12","startHours":11.465524102499762,"endHours":12.205066629924046,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:49","end":"05:33","startHours":4.8096413556812205,"endHours":5.549183883105503,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:22","end":"06:17","startHours":5.364298251249432,"endHours":6.288726410529785,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:41","end":"14:25","startHours":13.684151684772608,"endHours":14.42369421219689,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:11","end":"17:35","startHours":17.18186432189402,"endHours":17.58186432189402,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:23","end":"17:51","startHours":17.38186432189402,"endHours":17.844078401534198,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:08","end":"18:53","startHours":17.13186432189402,"endHours":18.88186432189402,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:12","startHours":23.46552410249976,"endHours":24.205066629924044,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:17","end":"07:41","startHours":6.288726410529785,"endHours":7.675368649450315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:41","end":"09:04","startHours":7.675368649450315,"endHours":9.062010888370844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:04","end":"10:27","startHours":9.062010888370844,"endHours":10.448653127291372,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:27","end":"11:50","startHours":10.448653127291372,"endHours":11.835295366211902,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:50","end":"13:13","startHours":11.835295366211902,"endHours":13.221937605132432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:13","end":"14:37","startHours":13.221937605132432,"endHours":14.608579844052962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:37","end":"16:00","startHours":14.608579844052962,"endHours":15.995222082973491,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:00","end":"17:23","startHours":15.995222082973491,"endHours":17.38186432189402,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:23","end":"19:00","startHours":17.38186432189402,"endHours":18.99522208297349,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:37","startHours":18.99522208297349,"endHours":20.60857984405296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:37","end":"22:13","startHours":20.60857984405296,"endHours":22.22193760513243,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:13","end":"23:50","startHours":22.22193760513243,"endHours":23.835295366211902,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:50","end":"01:27","startHours":23.835295366211902,"endHours":25.448653127291372,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:27","end":"03:04","startHours":25.448653127291372,"endHours":27.062010888370843,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:04","end":"04:41","startHours":27.062010888370843,"endHours":28.675368649450313,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:41","end":"06:17","startHours":28.675368649450313,"endHours":30.288726410529783,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":6.288726410529785,"endHours":7.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.288726410529785,"endHours":8.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.288726410529785,"endHours":9.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.288726410529785,"endHours":10.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.288726410529785,"endHours":11.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.288726410529785,"endHours":12.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.288726410529785,"endHours":13.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.288726410529785,"endHours":14.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.288726410529785,"endHours":15.288726410529785,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.288726410529785,"endHours":16.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.288726410529783,"endHours":17.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.288726410529783,"endHours":18.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.288726410529783,"endHours":19.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.288726410529783,"endHours":20.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.288726410529783,"endHours":21.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.288726410529783,"endHours":22.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.288726410529783,"endHours":23.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.288726410529783,"endHours":24.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.288726410529783,"endHours":25.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.288726410529783,"endHours":26.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.288726410529783,"endHours":27.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.288726410529783,"endHours":28.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.288726410529783,"endHours":29.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.288726410529783,"endHours":30.288726410529783,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.970196047185024,"eotMinutes":-13.172121972714217,"ayanamsa":24.2173}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jaya-ekadashi","name":"Jayā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"जया एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes pretatva (ghost-state); grants victory.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 29, 2026 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 29, 2026 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:17, sūryāsta 17:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-01-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-01-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-01-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-01-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2026-01-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:34:47.504Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:34:47.504Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:34:47.504Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}