{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2025-07-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-07-17","date_display":"July 17, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460873.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872408.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":90.0279,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":348.0861,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":258.0581,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.0581},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":348.0861,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4194},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":78.114},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460873.770833,"ahargana":1872408.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2098,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":90.530483,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":347.552183,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.336},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":142.61738300000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":111.03918299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":74.14448299999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":49.24388299999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.783683,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":330.7992,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":150.7992,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460873.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872408.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":90.0279,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":348.0861,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":258.0581,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.0581},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":348.0861,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4194},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":78.114},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":43,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.336,"elongation":101.942},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.336,"opposition_distance":78.058}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:02","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.367926052605279,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 22 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 37 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:41","moonsetLocal":"11:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:23","end":"15:03","startHours":13.382977138230636,"endHours":15.053967894806297,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:02","end":"06:42","startHours":5.028023355352337,"endHours":6.699014111927997,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:22","end":"10:02","startHours":8.370004868503656,"endHours":10.040995625079317,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:09","end":"08:36","startHours":8.147206100960236,"endHours":8.592803636047078,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:35","end":"05:56","startHours":5.5850202742108905,"endHours":5.9414983022803645,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:16","end":"12:09","startHours":11.266388846568134,"endHours":12.157583916741821,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:15","end":"04:08","startHours":3.2456332150049665,"endHours":4.136828285178652,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:55","end":"05:02","startHours":3.9140295176352304,"endHours":5.028023355352337,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:50","startHours":13.93997405708919,"endHours":14.831169127262875,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.195949407957617,"endHours":18.595949407957615,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:57","startHours":18.395949407957616,"endHours":18.952946326816168,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.145949407957616,"endHours":19.895949407957616,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:16","end":"00:09","startHours":23.266388846568134,"endHours":24.15758391674182,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:02","end":"06:42","startHours":5.028023355352337,"endHours":6.699014111927997,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"06:42","end":"08:22","startHours":6.699014111927997,"endHours":8.370004868503656,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:22","end":"10:02","startHours":8.370004868503656,"endHours":10.040995625079317,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:02","end":"11:43","startHours":10.040995625079317,"endHours":11.711986381654977,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:43","end":"13:23","startHours":11.711986381654977,"endHours":13.382977138230636,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:23","end":"15:03","startHours":13.382977138230636,"endHours":15.053967894806297,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:03","end":"16:43","startHours":15.053967894806297,"endHours":16.724958651381954,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:43","end":"18:24","startHours":16.724958651381954,"endHours":18.395949407957616,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:24","end":"19:43","startHours":18.395949407957616,"endHours":19.724958651381957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:43","end":"21:03","startHours":19.724958651381957,"endHours":21.053967894806295,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:03","end":"22:23","startHours":21.053967894806295,"endHours":22.382977138230636,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:23","end":"23:43","startHours":22.382977138230636,"endHours":23.711986381654977,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:43","end":"01:02","startHours":23.711986381654977,"endHours":25.04099562507932,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:02","end":"02:22","startHours":25.04099562507932,"endHours":26.370004868503656,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:22","end":"03:42","startHours":26.370004868503656,"endHours":27.699014111927998,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:42","end":"05:02","startHours":27.699014111927998,"endHours":29.02802335535234,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":5.028023355352337,"endHours":6.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":6.028023355352337,"endHours":7.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.028023355352337,"endHours":8.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.028023355352337,"endHours":9.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.028023355352337,"endHours":10.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.028023355352337,"endHours":11.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.028023355352337,"endHours":12.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.028023355352337,"endHours":13.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.028023355352337,"endHours":14.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.028023355352337,"endHours":15.028023355352337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.028023355352337,"endHours":16.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.02802335535234,"endHours":17.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.02802335535234,"endHours":18.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.02802335535234,"endHours":19.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.02802335535234,"endHours":20.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.02802335535234,"endHours":21.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.02802335535234,"endHours":22.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.02802335535234,"endHours":23.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.02802335535234,"endHours":24.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.02802335535234,"endHours":25.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.02802335535234,"endHours":26.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.02802335535234,"endHours":27.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.02802335535234,"endHours":28.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.02802335535234,"endHours":29.02802335535234,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.17552360346874,"eotMinutes":-5.773582899298716,"ayanamsa":24.2098}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 17, 2025 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 17, 2025 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:02, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:36:39.119Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:36:39.119Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T17:36:39.119Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}