{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2025-07-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-07-08","date_display":"July 8, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460864.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872399.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":81.5056,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":227.9538,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":146.4482,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4482},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":227.9538,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.2871},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.4594},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460864.770833,"ahargana":1872399.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2094,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":81.948127,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":229.28442700000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3787},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":137.274927,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":107.201727,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":72.12482699999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":39.153227000000015,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.776827,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":331.276,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":151.276,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460864.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872399.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":81.5056,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":227.9538,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":146.4482,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4482},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":227.9538,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.2871},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":309.4594},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.379,"elongation":146.448},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.379,"opposition_distance":33.552}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"04:58","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:42","dayLengthHours":13.453175784167858,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 27 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 32 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:08","moonsetLocal":"02:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:03","end":"16:44","startHours":15.057026865602818,"endHours":16.7386738386238,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:20","end":"10:01","startHours":8.330438973518888,"endHours":10.01208594653987,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.693732919560851,"endHours":13.375379892581833,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:06","end":"08:33","startHours":8.10621937711609,"endHours":8.554658569921685,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:32","end":"05:53","startHours":5.527694018483917,"endHours":5.886445372728393,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:15","end":"12:09","startHours":11.245293726755257,"endHours":12.142172112366449,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:10","end":"04:04","startHours":3.173388256254542,"endHours":4.070266641865733,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:51","end":"04:58","startHours":3.846047045462935,"endHours":4.967145027476923,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:50","startHours":13.93592888358883,"endHours":14.83280726920002,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.220320811644783,"endHours":18.62032081164478,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:59","startHours":18.420320811644782,"endHours":18.980869802651775,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.170320811644782,"endHours":19.920320811644782,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:15","end":"00:09","startHours":23.245293726755257,"endHours":24.142172112366445,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"04:58","end":"06:39","startHours":4.967145027476923,"endHours":6.648792000497906,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:39","end":"08:20","startHours":6.648792000497906,"endHours":8.330438973518888,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:20","end":"10:01","startHours":8.330438973518888,"endHours":10.01208594653987,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:01","end":"11:42","startHours":10.01208594653987,"endHours":11.693732919560851,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.693732919560851,"endHours":13.375379892581833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:23","end":"15:03","startHours":13.375379892581833,"endHours":15.057026865602818,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:03","end":"16:44","startHours":15.057026865602818,"endHours":16.7386738386238,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:44","end":"18:25","startHours":16.7386738386238,"endHours":18.420320811644782,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:25","end":"19:44","startHours":18.420320811644782,"endHours":19.7386738386238,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:44","end":"21:03","startHours":19.7386738386238,"endHours":21.05702686560282,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:03","end":"22:23","startHours":21.05702686560282,"endHours":22.375379892581837,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:23","end":"23:42","startHours":22.375379892581837,"endHours":23.69373291956085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:42","end":"01:01","startHours":23.69373291956085,"endHours":25.01208594653987,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:01","end":"02:20","startHours":25.01208594653987,"endHours":26.330438973518888,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:20","end":"03:39","startHours":26.330438973518888,"endHours":27.648792000497906,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:39","end":"04:58","startHours":27.648792000497906,"endHours":28.967145027476924,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":4.967145027476923,"endHours":5.967145027476923,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.967145027476923,"endHours":6.967145027476923,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.967145027476923,"endHours":7.967145027476923,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.967145027476923,"endHours":8.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.967145027476924,"endHours":9.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.967145027476924,"endHours":10.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.967145027476924,"endHours":11.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.967145027476924,"endHours":12.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.967145027476924,"endHours":13.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.967145027476924,"endHours":14.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.967145027476924,"endHours":15.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.967145027476924,"endHours":16.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.967145027476924,"endHours":17.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.967145027476924,"endHours":18.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.967145027476924,"endHours":19.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.967145027476924,"endHours":20.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.967145027476924,"endHours":21.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.967145027476924,"endHours":22.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.967145027476924,"endHours":23.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.967145027476924,"endHours":24.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.967145027476924,"endHours":25.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.967145027476924,"endHours":26.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.967145027476924,"endHours":27.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.967145027476924,"endHours":28.967145027476924,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":22.458993971557476,"eotMinutes":-4.678375173651213,"ayanamsa":24.2094}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 8, 2025 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 8, 2025 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 04:58, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2025-07-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:42:35.870Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:42:35.870Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T14:42:35.870Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}