{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2024-11-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-11-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-11-20","date_display":"November 20, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460634.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872169.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.3678,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":87.1677,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":233.7999,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7999},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":87.1677,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.1677},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":300.5355},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460634.770833,"ahargana":1872169.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2006,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":214.007114,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.78821400000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3716},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":99.83641399999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":235.832314,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":54.365913999999975,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":255.301014,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":318.60201400000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":343.4625,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":163.4625,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":11,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460634.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872169.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":213.3678,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":87.1677,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":233.7999,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.7999},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":87.1677,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.1677},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":300.5355},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.372,"elongation":126.2},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.372,"opposition_distance":53.8}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:54","sunsetLocal":"16:53","solarNoonLocal":"11:23","dayLengthHours":10.982782490291365,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 58 Mins 58 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 01 Mins 02 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:22","moonsetLocal":"09:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:23","end":"12:46","startHours":11.387413145003517,"endHours":12.760260956289937,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:16","end":"08:39","startHours":7.268869711144254,"endHours":8.641717522430675,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:01","end":"11:23","startHours":10.014565333717096,"endHours":11.387413145003517,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:28","end":"08:49","startHours":8.458671147592487,"endHours":8.824763897268864,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:21","end":"06:39","startHours":6.3536378369533075,"endHours":6.646512036694411,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:01","end":"11:45","startHours":11.021320395327137,"endHours":11.753505894679897,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:26","end":"05:10","startHours":4.431650901152318,"endHours":5.163836400505076,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:59","end":"05:54","startHours":4.980790025666886,"endHours":5.896021899857834,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:13","end":"13:57","startHours":13.21787689338541,"endHours":13.950062392738168,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:41","end":"17:05","startHours":16.6788043901492,"endHours":17.078804390149198,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:53","end":"17:20","startHours":16.8788043901492,"endHours":17.33642032724467,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:38","end":"18:23","startHours":16.6288043901492,"endHours":18.3788043901492,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:01","end":"23:45","startHours":23.021320395327137,"endHours":23.753505894679897,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:54","end":"07:16","startHours":5.896021899857834,"endHours":7.268869711144254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:16","end":"08:39","startHours":7.268869711144254,"endHours":8.641717522430675,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:39","end":"10:01","startHours":8.641717522430675,"endHours":10.014565333717096,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:01","end":"11:23","startHours":10.014565333717096,"endHours":11.387413145003517,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:23","end":"12:46","startHours":11.387413145003517,"endHours":12.760260956289937,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:46","end":"14:08","startHours":12.760260956289937,"endHours":14.133108767576358,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:08","end":"15:30","startHours":14.133108767576358,"endHours":15.505956578862778,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:30","end":"16:53","startHours":15.505956578862778,"endHours":16.8788043901492,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:53","end":"18:30","startHours":16.8788043901492,"endHours":18.50595657886278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"18:30","end":"20:08","startHours":18.50595657886278,"endHours":20.133108767576356,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:08","end":"21:46","startHours":20.133108767576356,"endHours":21.760260956289937,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:46","end":"23:23","startHours":21.760260956289937,"endHours":23.387413145003517,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:23","end":"01:01","startHours":23.387413145003517,"endHours":25.014565333717094,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:01","end":"02:39","startHours":25.014565333717094,"endHours":26.641717522430675,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:39","end":"04:16","startHours":26.641717522430675,"endHours":28.268869711144255,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:16","end":"05:54","startHours":28.268869711144255,"endHours":29.896021899857836,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:54","end":"06:54","startHours":5.896021899857834,"endHours":6.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:54","end":"07:54","startHours":6.896021899857834,"endHours":7.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:54","end":"08:54","startHours":7.896021899857834,"endHours":8.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:54","end":"09:54","startHours":8.896021899857834,"endHours":9.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:54","end":"10:54","startHours":9.896021899857834,"endHours":10.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:54","end":"11:54","startHours":10.896021899857834,"endHours":11.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:54","end":"12:54","startHours":11.896021899857834,"endHours":12.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:54","end":"13:54","startHours":12.896021899857834,"endHours":13.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:54","end":"14:54","startHours":13.896021899857834,"endHours":14.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:54","end":"15:54","startHours":14.896021899857834,"endHours":15.896021899857834,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:54","end":"16:54","startHours":15.896021899857834,"endHours":16.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:54","end":"17:54","startHours":16.896021899857836,"endHours":17.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:54","end":"18:54","startHours":17.896021899857836,"endHours":18.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:54","end":"19:54","startHours":18.896021899857836,"endHours":19.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:54","end":"20:54","startHours":19.896021899857836,"endHours":20.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:54","end":"21:54","startHours":20.896021899857836,"endHours":21.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:54","end":"22:54","startHours":21.896021899857836,"endHours":22.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:54","end":"23:54","startHours":22.896021899857836,"endHours":23.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:54","end":"00:54","startHours":23.896021899857836,"endHours":24.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:54","end":"01:54","startHours":24.896021899857836,"endHours":25.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:54","end":"02:54","startHours":25.896021899857836,"endHours":26.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:54","end":"03:54","startHours":26.896021899857836,"endHours":27.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:54","end":"04:54","startHours":27.896021899857836,"endHours":28.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:54","end":"05:54","startHours":28.896021899857836,"endHours":29.896021899857836,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-19.75860877004241,"eotMinutes":13.700811299788931,"ayanamsa":24.2006}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 20, 2024 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 20, 2024 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:54, sūryāsta 16:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-11-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-11-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-11-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-11-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-11-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-26T09:07:28.682Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-26T09:07:28.682Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-26T09:07:28.682Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}