{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2024-08-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-08-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-08-01","date_display":"August 1, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":8,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460523.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872058.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.5067,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.7095,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":319.2028,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2028},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":63.7095,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.3762},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":168.2162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":8,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460523.770833,"ahargana":1872058.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1964,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":105.102555,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":64.50865499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3332},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":43.11235499999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":128.94595500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":50.21885500000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":120.49035500000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":324.47705500000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.3438,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.3438,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":8,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460523.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872058.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.5067,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.7095,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":319.2028,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2028},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":63.7095,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.3762},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":168.2162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.333,"elongation":40.797},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.333,"opposition_distance":139.203}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:08","sunsetLocal":"18:18","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.159361047738777,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 09 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 50 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:16","moonsetLocal":"15:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:22","end":"15:00","startHours":13.36097462874585,"endHours":15.005894759713197,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:08","end":"06:47","startHours":5.136373973909115,"endHours":6.781294104876462,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"10:04","startHours":8.426214235843808,"endHours":10.071134366811156,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:12","end":"08:39","startHours":8.206891551714829,"endHours":8.64553691997279,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:41","end":"06:02","startHours":5.684680684231564,"endHours":6.035596978837932,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:17","end":"12:09","startHours":11.277409129520546,"endHours":12.154699866036463,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:23","end":"04:16","startHours":3.3817925008772782,"endHours":4.259083237393196,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:02","end":"05:08","startHours":4.039760553264217,"endHours":5.136373973909115,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:47","startHours":13.9092813390683,"endHours":14.78657207558422,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:06","end":"18:30","startHours":18.095735021647894,"endHours":18.495735021647892,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:18","end":"18:51","startHours":18.295735021647893,"endHours":18.844041731970343,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:48","startHours":18.045735021647893,"endHours":19.795735021647893,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:17","end":"00:09","startHours":23.277409129520546,"endHours":24.154699866036463,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:08","end":"06:47","startHours":5.136373973909115,"endHours":6.781294104876462,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"06:47","end":"08:26","startHours":6.781294104876462,"endHours":8.426214235843808,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:26","end":"10:04","startHours":8.426214235843808,"endHours":10.071134366811156,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.071134366811156,"endHours":11.716054497778504,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:43","end":"13:22","startHours":11.716054497778504,"endHours":13.36097462874585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:22","end":"15:00","startHours":13.36097462874585,"endHours":15.005894759713197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:00","end":"16:39","startHours":15.005894759713197,"endHours":16.650814890680547,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:39","end":"18:18","startHours":16.650814890680547,"endHours":18.295735021647893,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:18","end":"19:39","startHours":18.295735021647893,"endHours":19.650814890680547,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:39","end":"21:00","startHours":19.650814890680547,"endHours":21.0058947597132,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:00","end":"22:22","startHours":21.0058947597132,"endHours":22.36097462874585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:22","end":"23:43","startHours":22.36097462874585,"endHours":23.716054497778504,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:43","end":"01:04","startHours":23.716054497778504,"endHours":25.071134366811158,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:04","end":"02:26","startHours":25.071134366811158,"endHours":26.42621423584381,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:26","end":"03:47","startHours":26.42621423584381,"endHours":27.781294104876462,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:47","end":"05:08","startHours":27.781294104876462,"endHours":29.136373973909116,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":5.136373973909115,"endHours":6.136373973909115,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.136373973909115,"endHours":7.136373973909115,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.136373973909115,"endHours":8.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.136373973909116,"endHours":9.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.136373973909116,"endHours":10.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.136373973909116,"endHours":11.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.136373973909116,"endHours":12.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.136373973909116,"endHours":13.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.136373973909116,"endHours":14.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.136373973909116,"endHours":15.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.136373973909116,"endHours":16.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.136373973909116,"endHours":17.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.136373973909116,"endHours":18.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.136373973909116,"endHours":19.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.136373973909116,"endHours":20.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.136373973909116,"endHours":21.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.136373973909116,"endHours":22.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.136373973909116,"endHours":23.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.136373973909116,"endHours":24.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.136373973909116,"endHours":25.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.136373973909116,"endHours":26.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.136373973909116,"endHours":27.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.136373973909116,"endHours":28.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.136373973909116,"endHours":29.136373973909116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":17.92585305041608,"eotMinutes":-6.017669866710306,"ayanamsa":24.1964}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 1, 2024 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 1, 2024 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:08, sūryāsta 18:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-08-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-08-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-08-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-08-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2024-08-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:52:40.147Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:52:40.147Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:52:40.147Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}