{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2022-04-02:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2022-04-02","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2022-04-02","date_display":"April 2, 2022 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":4,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459671.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871206.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.2373,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.3902,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":11.1529,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1529},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":359.3902,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7235},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":347.6274},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2022,"month":4,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459671.770833,"ahargana":1871206.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1638,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.122908,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.318508,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5855},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":295.64320799999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":346.712808,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":327.37150799999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":301.68180800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":298.023408,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":34.4869,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":214.4869,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":4,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459671.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871206.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.2373,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.3902,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":11.1529,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1529},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":359.3902,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7235},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":347.6274},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.586,"elongation":11.153},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.586,"opposition_distance":168.847}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:29","sunsetLocal":"17:53","solarNoonLocal":"11:41","dayLengthHours":12.390965338392483,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 23 Mins 27 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 36 Mins 33 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:01","moonsetLocal":"18:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:35","end":"10:08","startHours":8.585161409378879,"endHours":10.13403207667794,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:14","end":"14:47","startHours":13.231773411276059,"endHours":14.78064407857512,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:29","end":"07:02","startHours":5.487420074780758,"endHours":7.036290742079818,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:23","end":"08:48","startHours":8.37864532040567,"endHours":8.791677498352087,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:00","end":"06:20","startHours":6.003710297213778,"endHours":6.334136039570911,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:16","end":"12:06","startHours":11.269870566030583,"endHours":12.095934921923416,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:50","end":"04:40","startHours":3.8352913629950933,"endHours":4.6613557188879255,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:27","end":"05:29","startHours":4.4548396299147175,"endHours":5.487420074780758,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:45","end":"14:34","startHours":13.74806363370908,"endHours":14.574127989601912,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:41","end":"18:05","startHours":17.678385413173242,"endHours":18.07838541317324,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:53","end":"18:24","startHours":17.87838541317324,"endHours":18.394675635606262,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:38","end":"19:23","startHours":17.62838541317324,"endHours":19.37838541317324,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:16","end":"00:06","startHours":23.269870566030583,"endHours":24.095934921923416,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:29","end":"07:02","startHours":5.487420074780758,"endHours":7.036290742079818,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:02","end":"08:35","startHours":7.036290742079818,"endHours":8.585161409378879,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:35","end":"10:08","startHours":8.585161409378879,"endHours":10.13403207667794,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:08","end":"11:41","startHours":10.13403207667794,"endHours":11.682902743977,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:41","end":"13:14","startHours":11.682902743977,"endHours":13.231773411276059,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:14","end":"14:47","startHours":13.231773411276059,"endHours":14.78064407857512,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:47","end":"16:20","startHours":14.78064407857512,"endHours":16.32951474587418,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:20","end":"17:53","startHours":16.32951474587418,"endHours":17.87838541317324,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:53","end":"19:20","startHours":17.87838541317324,"endHours":19.32951474587418,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:20","end":"20:47","startHours":19.32951474587418,"endHours":20.780644078575122,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:47","end":"22:14","startHours":20.780644078575122,"endHours":22.23177341127606,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:14","end":"23:41","startHours":22.23177341127606,"endHours":23.682902743977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:41","end":"01:08","startHours":23.682902743977,"endHours":25.13403207667794,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:08","end":"02:35","startHours":25.13403207667794,"endHours":26.585161409378877,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:35","end":"04:02","startHours":26.585161409378877,"endHours":28.036290742079817,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:02","end":"05:29","startHours":28.036290742079817,"endHours":29.487420074780758,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":5.487420074780758,"endHours":6.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.487420074780758,"endHours":7.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.487420074780758,"endHours":8.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.487420074780758,"endHours":9.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.487420074780758,"endHours":10.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.487420074780758,"endHours":11.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.487420074780758,"endHours":12.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.487420074780758,"endHours":13.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.487420074780758,"endHours":14.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.487420074780758,"endHours":15.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.487420074780758,"endHours":16.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.487420074780758,"endHours":17.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.487420074780758,"endHours":18.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.487420074780758,"endHours":19.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.487420074780758,"endHours":20.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.487420074780758,"endHours":21.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.487420074780758,"endHours":22.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.487420074780758,"endHours":23.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.487420074780758,"endHours":24.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.487420074780758,"endHours":25.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.487420074780758,"endHours":26.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.487420074780758,"endHours":27.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.487420074780758,"endHours":28.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.487420074780758,"endHours":29.487420074780758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.855263177053869,"eotMinutes":-4.028564638619968,"ayanamsa":24.1638}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2079,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1944,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1429,"malayalam_era":1198,"nanakshahi_year":553,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2079 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1944 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"chaitra-navratri-start","name":"Caitra Navrātri Start (Gudhi Padwā)","name_sanskrit":"चैत्र नवरात्रि आरम्भ","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Durgā (9 forms over 9 nights)","significance":"Spring Navrātri begins; Vasanta-pakṣa Devī worship. Maharashtra: Gudhi Padwā. South: Ugadi. Sindhi: Cheti Chand.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":1,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":1},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 2, 2022 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 2, 2022 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:29, sūryāsta 17:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2022-04-02","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2022-04-02","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2022-04-02","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2022-04-02","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2022-04-02"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T19:37:02.903Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T19:37:02.903Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T19:37:02.903Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}