{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2019-07-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2019-07-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2019-07-13","date_display":"July 13, 2019 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":7,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458677.770833,"kali_year":5121,"ahargana":1870212.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":85.8156,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":220.0417,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":134.2261,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2261},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":220.0417,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7084},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":305.8573},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2019,"month":7,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458677.770833,"ahargana":1870212.2708,"kali_year":5121,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1258,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":86.27498600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":221.33898599999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2955},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":102.66048599999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":99.09988599999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":231.68548599999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":77.15768600000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":262.7757859999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":87.1538,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":267.1538,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":7,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458677.770833,"kali_year":5121,"ahargana":1870212.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":85.8156,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":220.0417,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":134.2261,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2261},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":220.0417,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7084},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":305.8573},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.296,"elongation":134.226},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.296,"opposition_distance":45.774}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.744,"elongation":1.813},{"offset_days":19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.201,"elongation":2.188}]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:00","sunsetLocal":"18:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:42","dayLengthHours":13.414998041965877,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:17","moonsetLocal":"02:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"10:02","startHours":8.351367636944541,"endHours":10.028242392190275,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:23","end":"15:04","startHours":13.381991902681744,"endHours":15.058866657927481,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:00","end":"06:40","startHours":4.997618126453072,"endHours":6.674492881698807,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:08","end":"08:34","startHours":8.12778433624511,"endHours":8.574950937643973,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:33","end":"05:55","startHours":5.55657637820165,"endHours":5.9143096593207405,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:15","end":"12:09","startHours":11.257950546037149,"endHours":12.152283748834874,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:13","end":"04:06","startHours":3.208951720857622,"endHours":4.103284923655347,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:53","end":"05:00","startHours":3.879701622955916,"endHours":4.997618126453072,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:50","startHours":13.940950154430322,"endHours":14.835283357228047,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:13","end":"18:37","startHours":18.21261616841895,"endHours":18.61261616841895,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:25","end":"18:58","startHours":18.41261616841895,"endHours":18.971574420167528,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:55","startHours":18.16261616841895,"endHours":19.91261616841895,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:15","end":"00:09","startHours":23.25795054603715,"endHours":24.152283748834876,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:00","end":"06:40","startHours":4.997618126453072,"endHours":6.674492881698807,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:40","end":"08:21","startHours":6.674492881698807,"endHours":8.351367636944541,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:21","end":"10:02","startHours":8.351367636944541,"endHours":10.028242392190275,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:02","end":"11:42","startHours":10.028242392190275,"endHours":11.70511714743601,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:42","end":"13:23","startHours":11.70511714743601,"endHours":13.381991902681744,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:23","end":"15:04","startHours":13.381991902681744,"endHours":15.058866657927481,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:04","end":"16:44","startHours":15.058866657927481,"endHours":16.735741413173216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:25","startHours":16.735741413173216,"endHours":18.41261616841895,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:25","end":"19:44","startHours":18.41261616841895,"endHours":19.735741413173216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:44","end":"21:04","startHours":19.735741413173216,"endHours":21.05886665792748,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:04","end":"22:23","startHours":21.05886665792748,"endHours":22.381991902681747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:23","end":"23:42","startHours":22.381991902681747,"endHours":23.705117147436013,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:42","end":"01:02","startHours":23.705117147436013,"endHours":25.02824239219028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:02","end":"02:21","startHours":25.02824239219028,"endHours":26.35136763694454,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:21","end":"03:40","startHours":26.35136763694454,"endHours":27.674492881698807,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:40","end":"05:00","startHours":27.674492881698807,"endHours":28.997618126453073,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":4.997618126453072,"endHours":5.997618126453072,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":5.997618126453072,"endHours":6.997618126453072,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":6.997618126453072,"endHours":7.997618126453072,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":7.997618126453072,"endHours":8.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":8.997618126453073,"endHours":9.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":9.997618126453073,"endHours":10.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":10.997618126453073,"endHours":11.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":11.997618126453073,"endHours":12.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":12.997618126453073,"endHours":13.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":13.997618126453073,"endHours":14.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":14.997618126453073,"endHours":15.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":15.997618126453073,"endHours":16.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":16.997618126453073,"endHours":17.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":17.997618126453073,"endHours":18.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":18.997618126453073,"endHours":19.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":19.997618126453073,"endHours":20.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":20.997618126453073,"endHours":21.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":21.997618126453073,"endHours":22.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":22.997618126453073,"endHours":23.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":23.997618126453073,"endHours":24.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":24.997618126453073,"endHours":25.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":25.997618126453073,"endHours":26.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":26.997618126453073,"endHours":27.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":27.997618126453073,"endHours":28.997618126453073,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.887513543463832,"eotMinutes":-5.361428846160681,"ayanamsa":24.1258}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2076,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1941,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1426,"malayalam_era":1195,"nanakshahi_year":550,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2076 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1941 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 13, 2019 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 13, 2019 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:00, sūryāsta 18:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2019-07-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2019-07-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2019-07-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2019-07-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2019-07-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:08:55.996Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:08:55.996Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:08:55.996Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}