{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2018-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2018-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2018-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 2018 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458238.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1869773.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.5804,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":197.4539,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":181.8735,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.8735},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":197.4539,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7873},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":213.0343},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2018,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458238.770833,"ahargana":1869773.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.109,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.55615899999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":195.66515900000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.494},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":268.6316589999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":348.339359,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":205.21135900000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":42.14475900000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":254.796159,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":110.4141,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":290.4141,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458238.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1869773.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.5804,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":197.4539,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":181.8735,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.8735},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":197.4539,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7873},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":213.0343},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.494,"elongation":178.127},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.494,"opposition_distance":1.873}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:05","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"11:34","dayLengthHours":12.961392570584854,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 57 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 02 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:57","moonsetLocal":"05:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"06:43","end":"08:20","startHours":6.708813432877309,"endHours":8.328987504200416,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:57","end":"11:34","startHours":9.949161575523522,"endHours":11.569335646846628,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:11","end":"14:49","startHours":13.189509718169736,"endHours":14.809683789492842,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:07","end":"08:33","startHours":8.112964294690668,"endHours":8.545010713710163,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:38","end":"05:58","startHours":5.628697385328572,"endHours":5.974334520544168,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:08","end":"12:00","startHours":11.137289227827136,"endHours":12.001382065866125,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:22","end":"04:13","startHours":3.3604536854762217,"endHours":4.224546523515212,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:01","end":"05:05","startHours":4.008523314005465,"endHours":5.088639361554202,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:44","end":"14:36","startHours":13.729567741944106,"endHours":14.593660579983096,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.850031932139057,"endHours":18.250031932139056,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:35","startHours":18.050031932139056,"endHours":18.590089955913424,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.800031932139056,"endHours":19.550031932139056,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:08","end":"00:00","startHours":23.137289227827136,"endHours":24.001382065866128,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:05","end":"06:43","startHours":5.088639361554202,"endHours":6.708813432877309,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:43","end":"08:20","startHours":6.708813432877309,"endHours":8.328987504200416,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:20","end":"09:57","startHours":8.328987504200416,"endHours":9.949161575523522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:57","end":"11:34","startHours":9.949161575523522,"endHours":11.569335646846628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:34","end":"13:11","startHours":11.569335646846628,"endHours":13.189509718169736,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:11","end":"14:49","startHours":13.189509718169736,"endHours":14.809683789492842,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:49","end":"16:26","startHours":14.809683789492842,"endHours":16.42985786081595,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:26","end":"18:03","startHours":16.42985786081595,"endHours":18.050031932139056,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:03","end":"19:26","startHours":18.050031932139056,"endHours":19.42985786081595,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:26","end":"20:49","startHours":19.42985786081595,"endHours":20.809683789492844,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:49","end":"22:11","startHours":20.809683789492844,"endHours":22.189509718169738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:11","end":"23:34","startHours":22.189509718169738,"endHours":23.56933564684663,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:34","end":"00:57","startHours":23.56933564684663,"endHours":24.949161575523522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:57","end":"02:20","startHours":24.949161575523522,"endHours":26.328987504200416,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:20","end":"03:43","startHours":26.328987504200416,"endHours":27.708813432877307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:43","end":"05:05","startHours":27.708813432877307,"endHours":29.0886393615542,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":5.088639361554202,"endHours":6.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":6.088639361554202,"endHours":7.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.088639361554202,"endHours":8.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.088639361554202,"endHours":9.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.088639361554202,"endHours":10.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.088639361554202,"endHours":11.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.088639361554202,"endHours":12.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.088639361554202,"endHours":13.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.088639361554202,"endHours":14.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.088639361554202,"endHours":15.088639361554202,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.088639361554202,"endHours":16.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.0886393615542,"endHours":17.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.0886393615542,"endHours":18.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.0886393615542,"endHours":19.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.0886393615542,"endHours":20.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.0886393615542,"endHours":21.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.0886393615542,"endHours":22.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.0886393615542,"endHours":23.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.0886393615542,"endHours":24.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.0886393615542,"endHours":25.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.0886393615542,"endHours":26.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.0886393615542,"endHours":27.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.0886393615542,"endHours":28.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.0886393615542,"endHours":29.0886393615542,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.706789571310184,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":24.109}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2075,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","saka_samvat":1940,"saka_samvatsara":"Vilambī","bengali_samvat":1425,"malayalam_era":1194,"nanakshahi_year":549,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2075 Virodhakṛt · Śaka 1940 Vilambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"narada-jayanti","name":"Bhagavān Nārada Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"भगवान् नारद जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Devarṣi Nārada (ādi-bhakta · Vyāsa's guru)","significance":"Manifestation of Devarṣi Nārada — ādi-bhakta and tri-loka-saṅcāri who instructed Vyāsa to compose Śrīmad Bhāgavata. Without Nārada, no Bhāgavata; without Bhāgavata, no Krishna-tattva-pratiṣṭhā in Kali Yuga. Falls on Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pratipadā (day after Buddha Pūrṇimā).","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Recitation of Nārada-Bhakti-Sūtra; meditation on Krishna as taught by Nārada to Vyāsa (Bhāgavata 1.5)","detection":{"tithi_number":16,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 1.5-6 (Nārada-Vyāsa-saṁvāda)","Nārada-Bhakti-Sūtra"]},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 2018 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 2018 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:05, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2018-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2018-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2018-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2018-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2018-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:38:03.597Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:38:03.597Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:38:03.597Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}