{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2017-09-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-09-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-09-13","date_display":"September 13, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458009.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869544.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":145.5898,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":52.4984,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":266.9086,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.9086},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":52.4984,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4984},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":198.0882},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458009.770833,"ahargana":1869544.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1003,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":146.354809,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":53.345009000000005,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2294},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":130.49250899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":128.264409,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":179.885809,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":117.142109,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":237.20540899999992,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":122.5477,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":302.5477,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458009.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869544.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":145.5898,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":52.4984,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":266.9086,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.9086},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":52.4984,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4984},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":198.0882},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.229,"elongation":93.091},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.229,"opposition_distance":86.909}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:22","sunsetLocal":"17:42","solarNoonLocal":"11:32","dayLengthHours":12.330804116686934,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 19 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 40 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:37","moonsetLocal":"12:03","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:32","end":"13:05","startHours":11.536528817835567,"endHours":13.077879332421432,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:55","end":"08:27","startHours":6.912477274077966,"endHours":8.453827788663833,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:00","end":"11:32","startHours":9.995178303249698,"endHours":11.536528817835567,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:15","end":"08:40","startHours":8.24831438671905,"endHours":8.659341190608615,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:53","end":"06:13","startHours":5.884910264354055,"endHours":6.213731707465707,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:08","end":"11:57","startHours":11.125502013946003,"endHours":11.947555621725131,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:44","end":"04:33","startHours":3.727019543933841,"endHours":4.54907315171297,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:21","end":"05:22","startHours":4.343559749768188,"endHours":5.371126759492099,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:35","end":"14:25","startHours":13.591662837283387,"endHours":14.413716445062516,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:30","end":"17:54","startHours":17.501930876179035,"endHours":17.901930876179033,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:42","end":"18:13","startHours":17.701930876179034,"endHours":18.21571438104099,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:12","startHours":17.451930876179034,"endHours":19.201930876179034,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:08","end":"23:57","startHours":23.125502013946,"endHours":23.947555621725133,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:22","end":"06:55","startHours":5.371126759492099,"endHours":6.912477274077966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:55","end":"08:27","startHours":6.912477274077966,"endHours":8.453827788663833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"10:00","startHours":8.453827788663833,"endHours":9.995178303249698,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:00","end":"11:32","startHours":9.995178303249698,"endHours":11.536528817835567,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:32","end":"13:05","startHours":11.536528817835567,"endHours":13.077879332421432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:05","end":"14:37","startHours":13.077879332421432,"endHours":14.6192298470073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:37","end":"16:10","startHours":14.6192298470073,"endHours":16.160580361593166,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:10","end":"17:42","startHours":16.160580361593166,"endHours":17.701930876179034,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:42","end":"19:10","startHours":17.701930876179034,"endHours":19.16058036159317,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:10","end":"20:37","startHours":19.16058036159317,"endHours":20.6192298470073,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:37","end":"22:05","startHours":20.6192298470073,"endHours":22.077879332421432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:05","end":"23:32","startHours":22.077879332421432,"endHours":23.536528817835567,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:32","end":"01:00","startHours":23.536528817835567,"endHours":24.995178303249702,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:00","end":"02:27","startHours":24.995178303249702,"endHours":26.453827788663833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:27","end":"03:55","startHours":26.453827788663833,"endHours":27.912477274077965,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:55","end":"05:22","startHours":27.912477274077965,"endHours":29.3711267594921,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":5.371126759492099,"endHours":6.371126759492099,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.371126759492099,"endHours":7.371126759492099,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.371126759492099,"endHours":8.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.3711267594921,"endHours":9.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.3711267594921,"endHours":10.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.3711267594921,"endHours":11.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.3711267594921,"endHours":12.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.3711267594921,"endHours":13.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.3711267594921,"endHours":14.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.3711267594921,"endHours":15.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.3711267594921,"endHours":16.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.3711267594921,"endHours":17.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.3711267594921,"endHours":18.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.3711267594921,"endHours":19.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.3711267594921,"endHours":20.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.3711267594921,"endHours":21.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.3711267594921,"endHours":22.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.3711267594921,"endHours":23.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.3711267594921,"endHours":24.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.3711267594921,"endHours":25.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.3711267594921,"endHours":26.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.3711267594921,"endHours":27.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.3711267594921,"endHours":28.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.3711267594921,"endHours":29.3711267594921,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":3.781522818169449,"eotMinutes":4.753870929866006,"ayanamsa":24.1003}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"krishna-janmashtami","name":"Krishna Janmāṣṭamī","name_sanskrit":"कृष्ण जन्माष्टमी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna (svayaṁ bhagavān)","deity_avatara_index":20,"significance":"Bhagavān Krishna manifested at Mathurā midnight on this exact tithi-nakshatra alignment in 3227 BCE.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Madhya-rātri (midnight) abhiṣekam in Mathurā tradition","detection":{"tithi_number":23,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","nakshatra_name":"Rohiṇī","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"krishna","historical_anchor":{"event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","date_julian":"-3226-07-09","location":"Mathurā"},"sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.3"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"krishna-janmashtami-walk","name":"Krishna Janmāṣṭamī Walk","name_sanskrit":"कृष्ण जन्माष्टमी यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Bhāgavata 10.3 (birth at Mathurā) + BG 4.7-8 + 10.8 (Krishna as svayaṁ bhagavān).","step_count":11,"url":"/walk/krishna-janmashtami-walk"},"reason":"Today is Krishna Janmāṣṭamī — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī + Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":1}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 13, 2017 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 13, 2017 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:22, sūryāsta 17:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-09-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-09-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-09-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-09-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-09-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:32:33.708Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:32:33.708Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:32:33.708Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}