{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2017-07-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-07-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-07-26","date_display":"July 26, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457960.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869495.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":98.6281,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7788,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":35.1507,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1507},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":133.7788,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4455},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":232.407},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457960.770833,"ahargana":1869495.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0984,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.17008099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.232081,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.6749},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":99.23218099999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":125.775281,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":171.782781,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":59.23768100000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":237.649181,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":125.1439,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":305.1439,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":7,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457960.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869495.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":98.6281,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7788,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":35.1507,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1507},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":133.7788,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4455},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":232.407},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":5,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.675,"elongation":35.151},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.675,"opposition_distance":144.849}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:06","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.25426956349651,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 15 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 44 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:47","moonsetLocal":"20:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:43","end":"13:23","startHours":11.718847525727341,"endHours":13.375631221164404,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:45","end":"08:24","startHours":6.748496439416151,"endHours":8.405280134853214,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.062063830290278,"endHours":11.718847525727341,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:11","end":"08:38","startHours":8.184375642128273,"endHours":8.626184627578155,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:39","end":"06:00","startHours":5.643973975791441,"endHours":5.997421164151349,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:17","end":"12:10","startHours":11.27703854027746,"endHours":12.160656511177226,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:19","end":"04:12","startHours":3.324476802179552,"endHours":4.208094773079319,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:59","end":"05:06","startHours":3.9871902803543775,"endHours":5.091712743979087,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:49","startHours":13.92789245297676,"endHours":14.811510423876527,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.1459823074756,"endHours":18.545982307475597,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:54","startHours":18.345982307475598,"endHours":18.898243539287954,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.095982307475598,"endHours":19.845982307475598,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:17","end":"00:10","startHours":23.277038540277456,"endHours":24.160656511177226,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:06","end":"06:45","startHours":5.091712743979087,"endHours":6.748496439416151,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:45","end":"08:24","startHours":6.748496439416151,"endHours":8.405280134853214,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:24","end":"10:04","startHours":8.405280134853214,"endHours":10.062063830290278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:04","end":"11:43","startHours":10.062063830290278,"endHours":11.718847525727341,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:43","end":"13:23","startHours":11.718847525727341,"endHours":13.375631221164404,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:23","end":"15:02","startHours":13.375631221164404,"endHours":15.032414916601471,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:02","end":"16:41","startHours":15.032414916601471,"endHours":16.689198612038535,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:41","end":"18:21","startHours":16.689198612038535,"endHours":18.345982307475598,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:21","end":"19:41","startHours":18.345982307475598,"endHours":19.689198612038535,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:41","end":"21:02","startHours":19.689198612038535,"endHours":21.03241491660147,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:02","end":"22:23","startHours":21.03241491660147,"endHours":22.375631221164404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:23","end":"23:43","startHours":22.375631221164404,"endHours":23.71884752572734,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:43","end":"01:04","startHours":23.71884752572734,"endHours":25.062063830290278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:04","end":"02:24","startHours":25.062063830290278,"endHours":26.405280134853214,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:24","end":"03:45","startHours":26.405280134853214,"endHours":27.74849643941615,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:45","end":"05:06","startHours":27.74849643941615,"endHours":29.091712743979087,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":5.091712743979087,"endHours":6.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":6.091712743979087,"endHours":7.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.091712743979087,"endHours":8.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.091712743979087,"endHours":9.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.091712743979087,"endHours":10.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.091712743979087,"endHours":11.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.091712743979087,"endHours":12.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.091712743979087,"endHours":13.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.091712743979087,"endHours":14.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.091712743979087,"endHours":15.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.091712743979087,"endHours":16.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.091712743979087,"endHours":17.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.091712743979087,"endHours":18.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.091712743979087,"endHours":19.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.091712743979087,"endHours":20.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.091712743979087,"endHours":21.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.091712743979087,"endHours":22.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.091712743979087,"endHours":23.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.091712743979087,"endHours":24.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.091712743979087,"endHours":25.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.091712743979087,"endHours":26.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.091712743979087,"endHours":27.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.091712743979087,"endHours":28.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.091712743979087,"endHours":29.091712743979087,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.423489310140265,"eotMinutes":-6.185251543640582,"ayanamsa":24.0984}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 26, 2017 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 26, 2017 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 05:06, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-07-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-07-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-07-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-07-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-07-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:35:03.412Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:35:03.412Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T12:35:03.412Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}