{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2017-04-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-04-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-04-18","date_display":"April 18, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457861.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869396.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.1911,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":262.1507,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":257.9596,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9596},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":262.1507,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8174},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.3419},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457861.770833,"ahargana":1869396.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0946,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.1122629999999845,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":258.844563,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3551},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":33.308862999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":7.728263000000027,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":172.43166299999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":332.719963,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":243.41546300000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":130.3894,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":310.3894,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457861.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869396.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.1911,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":262.1507,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":257.9596,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9596},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":262.1507,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8174},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":266.3419},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.355,"elongation":102.04},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.355,"opposition_distance":77.96}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:14","sunsetLocal":"17:58","solarNoonLocal":"11:36","dayLengthHours":12.73213597615266,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:13","moonsetLocal":"09:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:47","end":"16:23","startHours":14.79036261244011,"endHours":16.38187960945919,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:25","end":"10:01","startHours":8.42429462436378,"endHours":10.015811621382863,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:36","end":"13:12","startHours":11.607328618401944,"endHours":13.198845615421028,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:13","end":"08:38","startHours":8.21209235809457,"endHours":8.63649689063299,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:46","end":"06:07","startHours":5.771766295998642,"endHours":6.111289922029379,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:11","end":"12:02","startHours":11.182924085863522,"endHours":12.031733150940365,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:33","end":"04:24","startHours":3.5436425001719263,"endHours":4.39245156524877,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:11","end":"05:14","startHours":4.180249298979559,"endHours":5.241260630325614,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:44","end":"14:35","startHours":13.729351281094056,"endHours":14.5781603461709,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:46","end":"18:10","startHours":17.773396606478276,"endHours":18.173396606478274,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:58","end":"18:30","startHours":17.973396606478275,"endHours":18.5039022721513,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:43","end":"19:28","startHours":17.723396606478275,"endHours":19.473396606478275,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:11","end":"00:02","startHours":23.182924085863522,"endHours":24.031733150940365,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:14","end":"06:50","startHours":5.241260630325614,"endHours":6.832777627344697,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:50","end":"08:25","startHours":6.832777627344697,"endHours":8.42429462436378,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:25","end":"10:01","startHours":8.42429462436378,"endHours":10.015811621382863,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:01","end":"11:36","startHours":10.015811621382863,"endHours":11.607328618401944,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:36","end":"13:12","startHours":11.607328618401944,"endHours":13.198845615421028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:12","end":"14:47","startHours":13.198845615421028,"endHours":14.79036261244011,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:47","end":"16:23","startHours":14.79036261244011,"endHours":16.38187960945919,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:23","end":"17:58","startHours":16.38187960945919,"endHours":17.973396606478275,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:58","end":"19:23","startHours":17.973396606478275,"endHours":19.381879609459194,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:23","end":"20:47","startHours":19.381879609459194,"endHours":20.79036261244011,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:47","end":"22:12","startHours":20.79036261244011,"endHours":22.19884561542103,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:12","end":"23:36","startHours":22.19884561542103,"endHours":23.607328618401944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:36","end":"01:01","startHours":23.607328618401944,"endHours":25.015811621382863,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:01","end":"02:25","startHours":25.015811621382863,"endHours":26.42429462436378,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:25","end":"03:50","startHours":26.42429462436378,"endHours":27.832777627344697,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:50","end":"05:14","startHours":27.832777627344697,"endHours":29.241260630325613,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:14","end":"06:14","startHours":5.241260630325614,"endHours":6.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:14","end":"07:14","startHours":6.241260630325614,"endHours":7.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:14","end":"08:14","startHours":7.241260630325614,"endHours":8.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:14","end":"09:14","startHours":8.241260630325614,"endHours":9.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:14","end":"10:14","startHours":9.241260630325614,"endHours":10.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:14","end":"11:14","startHours":10.241260630325614,"endHours":11.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:14","end":"12:14","startHours":11.241260630325614,"endHours":12.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:14","end":"13:14","startHours":12.241260630325614,"endHours":13.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:14","end":"14:14","startHours":13.241260630325614,"endHours":14.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:14","end":"15:14","startHours":14.241260630325614,"endHours":15.241260630325614,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:14","end":"16:14","startHours":15.241260630325614,"endHours":16.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:14","end":"17:14","startHours":16.241260630325613,"endHours":17.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:14","end":"18:14","startHours":17.241260630325613,"endHours":18.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:14","end":"19:14","startHours":18.241260630325613,"endHours":19.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:14","end":"20:14","startHours":19.241260630325613,"endHours":20.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:14","end":"21:14","startHours":20.241260630325613,"endHours":21.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:14","end":"22:14","startHours":21.241260630325613,"endHours":22.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:14","end":"23:14","startHours":22.241260630325613,"endHours":23.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:14","end":"00:14","startHours":23.241260630325613,"endHours":24.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:14","end":"01:14","startHours":24.241260630325613,"endHours":25.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:14","end":"02:14","startHours":25.241260630325613,"endHours":26.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:14","end":"03:14","startHours":26.241260630325613,"endHours":27.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:14","end":"04:14","startHours":27.241260630325613,"endHours":28.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:14","end":"05:14","startHours":28.241260630325613,"endHours":29.241260630325613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":10.835550631267175,"eotMinutes":0.5058828958834352,"ayanamsa":24.0946}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 18, 2017 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 18, 2017 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:14, sūryāsta 17:58.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-04-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-04-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-04-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-04-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2017-04-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:12:54.029Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:12:54.029Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T06:12:54.029Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}