{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2016-10-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-10-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-10-16","date_display":"October 16, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457677.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869212.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.2517,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.5596,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":177.3079,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3079},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.5596,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8929},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.8113},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457677.770833,"ahargana":1869212.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0876,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.02429299999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.018893,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.6063},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":258.386293,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":170.55449299999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":163.222493,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":212.970193,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":228.55919300000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":140.1386,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":320.1386,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457677.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869212.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.2517,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.5596,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":177.3079,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3079},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.5596,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8929},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.8113},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.606,"elongation":177.308},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.606,"opposition_distance":2.692}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:33","sunsetLocal":"17:10","solarNoonLocal":"11:22","dayLengthHours":11.619109350084493,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 37 Mins 09 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 22 Mins 51 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:58","moonsetLocal":"05:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:10","startHours":15.722130513428667,"endHours":17.17451918218923,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:22","end":"12:49","startHours":11.364964507146983,"endHours":12.817353175907545,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:43","startHours":14.269741844668106,"endHours":15.722130513428667,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:16","end":"08:39","startHours":8.266535347124451,"endHours":8.653838992127268,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:21","startHours":6.039539388358257,"endHours":6.34938230436051,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"10:59","end":"11:45","startHours":10.977660862144166,"endHours":11.7522681521498,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:00","end":"04:47","startHours":4.0061952520934705,"endHours":4.780802542099103,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:35","end":"05:33","startHours":4.5871507195976955,"endHours":5.555409832104736,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:18","end":"14:05","startHours":13.301482732161066,"endHours":14.0760900221667,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:58","end":"17:22","startHours":16.97451918218923,"endHours":17.37451918218923,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:10","end":"17:40","startHours":17.17451918218923,"endHours":17.65864873844275,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:55","end":"18:40","startHours":16.92451918218923,"endHours":18.67451918218923,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"22:59","end":"23:45","startHours":22.977660862144166,"endHours":23.7522681521498,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:33","end":"07:00","startHours":5.555409832104736,"endHours":7.007798500865298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:00","end":"08:28","startHours":7.007798500865298,"endHours":8.46018716962586,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:28","end":"09:55","startHours":8.46018716962586,"endHours":9.91257583838642,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:55","end":"11:22","startHours":9.91257583838642,"endHours":11.364964507146983,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:22","end":"12:49","startHours":11.364964507146983,"endHours":12.817353175907545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:49","end":"14:16","startHours":12.817353175907545,"endHours":14.269741844668106,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:16","end":"15:43","startHours":14.269741844668106,"endHours":15.722130513428667,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:43","end":"17:10","startHours":15.722130513428667,"endHours":17.17451918218923,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:10","end":"18:43","startHours":17.17451918218923,"endHours":18.722130513428667,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"18:43","end":"20:16","startHours":18.722130513428667,"endHours":20.269741844668104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:16","end":"21:49","startHours":20.269741844668104,"endHours":21.817353175907545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:49","end":"23:22","startHours":21.817353175907545,"endHours":23.364964507146983,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:22","end":"00:55","startHours":23.364964507146983,"endHours":24.91257583838642,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:55","end":"02:28","startHours":24.91257583838642,"endHours":26.46018716962586,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:28","end":"04:00","startHours":26.46018716962586,"endHours":28.0077985008653,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:00","end":"05:33","startHours":28.0077985008653,"endHours":29.555409832104736,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:33","end":"06:33","startHours":5.555409832104736,"endHours":6.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:33","end":"07:33","startHours":6.555409832104736,"endHours":7.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:33","end":"08:33","startHours":7.555409832104736,"endHours":8.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:33","end":"09:33","startHours":8.555409832104736,"endHours":9.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:33","end":"10:33","startHours":9.555409832104736,"endHours":10.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:33","end":"11:33","startHours":10.555409832104736,"endHours":11.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:33","end":"12:33","startHours":11.555409832104736,"endHours":12.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:33","end":"13:33","startHours":12.555409832104736,"endHours":13.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:33","end":"14:33","startHours":13.555409832104736,"endHours":14.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:33","end":"15:33","startHours":14.555409832104736,"endHours":15.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:33","end":"16:33","startHours":15.555409832104736,"endHours":16.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:33","end":"17:33","startHours":16.555409832104736,"endHours":17.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:33","end":"18:33","startHours":17.555409832104736,"endHours":18.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:33","end":"19:33","startHours":18.555409832104736,"endHours":19.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:33","end":"20:33","startHours":19.555409832104736,"endHours":20.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:33","end":"21:33","startHours":20.555409832104736,"endHours":21.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:33","end":"22:33","startHours":21.555409832104736,"endHours":22.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:33","end":"23:33","startHours":22.555409832104736,"endHours":23.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:33","end":"00:33","startHours":23.555409832104736,"endHours":24.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:33","end":"01:33","startHours":24.555409832104736,"endHours":25.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:33","end":"02:33","startHours":25.555409832104736,"endHours":26.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:33","end":"03:33","startHours":26.555409832104736,"endHours":27.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:33","end":"04:33","startHours":27.555409832104736,"endHours":28.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:33","end":"05:33","startHours":28.555409832104736,"endHours":29.555409832104736,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.981824614898668,"eotMinutes":15.04772957118102,"ayanamsa":24.0876}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"sharad-purnima","name":"Śarad Pūrṇimā / Kojāgarī Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"शरद पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Lakṣmī","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vṛndāvana. Lakṣmī wakes (\"ko jāgartti?\")","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Night-long jāgaraṇa; offering of pāyasa under moonlight","detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.29-33"]},{"id":"rasa-purnima","name":"Rāsa Pūrṇimā (Vraja Mahā-Rāsa)","name_sanskrit":"रास पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Gopīs","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vraja (Bhāgavata 10.29-33). Same as Śarad Pūrṇimā but emphasized in Vraja tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2},{"id":"valmiki-jayanti","name":"Mahārṣi Vālmīki Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"महर्षि वाल्मीकि जयन्ती","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Maharṣi Vālmīki (ādi-kavi)","significance":"Composer of Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa. Āśvina Pūrṇimā tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Śarad Pūrṇimā / Kojāgarī Pūrṇimā · Rāsa Pūrṇimā (Vraja Mahā-Rāsa) · Mahārṣi Vālmīki Jayantī is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 16, 2016 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 16, 2016 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 05:33, sūryāsta 17:10.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-10-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-10-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-10-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-10-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-10-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T04:04:43.939Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-04T04:04:43.939Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-04T04:04:43.939Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}