{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:howrah:2016-07-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-07-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-07-22","date_display":"July 22, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457591.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869126.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":95.0788,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":300.3977,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":205.3189,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.3189},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":300.3977,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.0644},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":35.4765},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457591.770833,"ahargana":1869126.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0843,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":95.59427900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":301.45007899999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.8501},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":211.96957900000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":111.08197900000005,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":145.610279,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":107.77317900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.900979,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":144.6953,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":324.6953,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457591.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869126.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":95.0788,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":300.3977,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":205.3189,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.3189},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":300.3977,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.0644},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":35.4765},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.85,"elongation":154.681},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.85,"opposition_distance":25.319}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"howrah","name":"Howrah, West Bengal","lat":22.5958,"lon":88.2636,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"West Bengal","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:04","sunsetLocal":"18:22","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":13.30529697844794,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 18 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 41 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:46","moonsetLocal":"07:07","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:03","end":"11:43","startHours":10.054199507955389,"endHours":11.71736163026138,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:03","end":"16:42","startHours":15.043685874873365,"endHours":16.70684799717936,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:44","end":"08:23","startHours":6.727875263343403,"endHours":8.391037385649396,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:10","end":"08:37","startHours":8.169282436008597,"endHours":8.612792335290195,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:37","end":"05:58","startHours":5.619100515139408,"endHours":5.973908434564686,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:16","end":"12:10","startHours":11.273851730979782,"endHours":12.160871529542977,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:17","end":"04:11","startHours":3.2906735439110184,"endHours":4.177693342474214,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:57","end":"05:04","startHours":3.9559383928334153,"endHours":5.06471314103741,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:49","startHours":13.934911126669371,"endHours":14.821930925232568,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:10","end":"18:34","startHours":18.17001011948535,"endHours":18.57001011948535,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:22","end":"18:55","startHours":18.37001011948535,"endHours":18.92439749358735,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:07","end":"19:52","startHours":18.12001011948535,"endHours":19.87001011948535,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:16","end":"00:10","startHours":23.273851730979782,"endHours":24.160871529542977,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:04","end":"06:44","startHours":5.06471314103741,"endHours":6.727875263343403,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"06:44","end":"08:23","startHours":6.727875263343403,"endHours":8.391037385649396,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:23","end":"10:03","startHours":8.391037385649396,"endHours":10.054199507955389,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:03","end":"11:43","startHours":10.054199507955389,"endHours":11.71736163026138,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:43","end":"13:23","startHours":11.71736163026138,"endHours":13.380523752567372,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:23","end":"15:03","startHours":13.380523752567372,"endHours":15.043685874873365,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:03","end":"16:42","startHours":15.043685874873365,"endHours":16.70684799717936,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:42","end":"18:22","startHours":16.70684799717936,"endHours":18.37001011948535,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:22","end":"19:42","startHours":18.37001011948535,"endHours":19.70684799717936,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:42","end":"21:03","startHours":19.70684799717936,"endHours":21.043685874873365,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:03","end":"22:23","startHours":21.043685874873365,"endHours":22.380523752567374,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:23","end":"23:43","startHours":22.380523752567374,"endHours":23.71736163026138,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:43","end":"01:03","startHours":23.71736163026138,"endHours":25.05419950795539,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:03","end":"02:23","startHours":25.05419950795539,"endHours":26.391037385649398,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:23","end":"03:44","startHours":26.391037385649398,"endHours":27.727875263343403,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:44","end":"05:04","startHours":27.727875263343403,"endHours":29.06471314103741,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":5.06471314103741,"endHours":6.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":6.06471314103741,"endHours":7.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.06471314103741,"endHours":8.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.06471314103741,"endHours":9.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.06471314103741,"endHours":10.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.06471314103741,"endHours":11.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.06471314103741,"endHours":12.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.06471314103741,"endHours":13.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.06471314103741,"endHours":14.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.06471314103741,"endHours":15.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.06471314103741,"endHours":16.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.06471314103741,"endHours":17.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.06471314103741,"endHours":18.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.06471314103741,"endHours":19.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.06471314103741,"endHours":20.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.06471314103741,"endHours":21.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.06471314103741,"endHours":22.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.06471314103741,"endHours":23.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.06471314103741,"endHours":24.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.06471314103741,"endHours":25.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.06471314103741,"endHours":26.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.06471314103741,"endHours":27.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.06471314103741,"endHours":28.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.06471314103741,"endHours":29.06471314103741,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":20.215776405311804,"eotMinutes":-6.096097815682823,"ayanamsa":24.0843}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"howrah"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 22, 2016 CE · Howrah, West Bengal · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 22, 2016 CE for Howrah, West Bengal: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 05:04, sūryāsta 18:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-07-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-07-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-07-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-07-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/howrah/2016-07-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:12:25.315Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:12:25.315Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:12:25.315Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}